feat: compute types of lambdas that are passed as arguments (#604)

Closes partially #541

### Summary of Changes

* Compute the type of parameters of lambdas that are passed as
arguments.
* Compute the type of lambdas that are passed as arguments.

Author: lars-reimann

src/language/helpers/safe-ds-node-mapper.ts

@@ -23,10 +23,10 @@ import { argumentsOrEmpty, parametersOrEmpty, typeArgumentsOrEmpty, typeParamete
 import { isNamedArgument, isNamedTypeArgument } from './checks.js';
 
 export class SafeDsNodeMapper {
-    private readonly typeComputer: SafeDsTypeComputer;
+    private readonly typeComputer: () => SafeDsTypeComputer;
 
     constructor(services: SafeDsServices) {
-        this.typeComputer = new SafeDsTypeComputer(services);
+        this.typeComputer = () => services.types.TypeComputer;
     }
 
     /**
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ export class SafeDsNodeMapper {
         if (isSdsAnnotationCall(node)) {
             return node.annotation?.ref;
         } else if (isSdsCall(node)) {
-            const receiverType = this.typeComputer.computeType(node.receiver);
+            const receiverType = this.typeComputer().computeType(node.receiver);
             if (receiverType instanceof CallableType) {
                 return receiverType.sdsCallable;
             } else if (receiverType instanceof StaticType) {

src/language/typing/safe-ds-type-computer.ts

@@ -79,16 +79,19 @@ import {
     resultsOrEmpty,
     typeArgumentsOrEmpty,
 } from '../helpers/shortcuts.js';
+import { SafeDsNodeMapper } from '../helpers/safe-ds-node-mapper.js';
 
 export class SafeDsTypeComputer {
-    readonly astNodeLocator: AstNodeLocator;
-    readonly coreClasses: SafeDsCoreClasses;
+    private readonly astNodeLocator: AstNodeLocator;
+    private readonly coreClasses: SafeDsCoreClasses;
+    private readonly nodeMapper: SafeDsNodeMapper;
 
     readonly typeCache: WorkspaceCache<string, Type>;
 
     constructor(readonly services: SafeDsServices) {
         this.astNodeLocator = services.workspace.AstNodeLocator;
         this.coreClasses = services.builtins.CoreClasses;
+        this.nodeMapper = services.helpers.NodeMapper;
 
         this.typeCache = new WorkspaceCache(services.shared);
     }
@@ -214,20 +217,20 @@ export class SafeDsTypeComputer {
         const containerOfLambda = containingCallable.$container;
 
         // Lambda passed as argument
-        /* c8 ignore start */
         if (isSdsArgument(containerOfLambda)) {
-            // val containerType = when (val container = callable.eContainer()) {
-            //     is SdsArgument -> container.parameterOrNull()?.inferType(context)
-            // }
-            //
-            // return when (containerType) {
-            //     is CallableType -> containerType.parameters.getOrElse(thisIndex) { Any(context) }
-            // else -> Any(context)
-            // }
+            const parameter = this.nodeMapper.argumentToParameterOrUndefined(containerOfLambda);
+            if (!parameter) {
+                return UnknownType;
+            }
 
-            return NotImplementedType;
+            const parameterType = this.computeType(parameter?.type);
+            if (!(parameterType instanceof CallableType)) {
+                return UnknownType;
+            }
+
+            const parameterPosition = node.$containerIndex ?? -1;
+            return parameterType.getParameterTypeByPosition(parameterPosition) ?? UnknownType;
         }
-        /* c8 ignore stop */
 
         // Yielded lambda
         else if (isSdsAssignment(containerOfLambda)) {

tests/resources/typing/declarations/parameters/of block lambdas/that are isolated.sdstest renamed to tests/resources/typing/declarations/parameters/of block lambdas/that are isolated/main.sdstest

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-package tests.typing.declarations.parameters.ofBlockLambdas
+package tests.typing.declarations.parameters.ofBlockLambdas.thatAreIsolated
 
 segment mySegment() {
     // $TEST$ serialization $Unknown

tests/resources/typing/declarations/parameters/of block lambdas/skip-that are passed as argument.sdstest renamed to tests/resources/typing/declarations/parameters/of block lambdas/that are passed as arguments/main.sdstest

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-package tests.typing.declarations.parameters.ofBlockLambdas
+package tests.typing.declarations.parameters.ofBlockLambdas.thatArePassedAsArguments
 
 // $TEST$ equivalence_class parameterType1
 fun higherOrderFunction1(param: (a: »String«) -> ())

tests/resources/typing/declarations/parameters/of block lambdas/that are yielded.sdstest renamed to tests/resources/typing/declarations/parameters/of block lambdas/that are yielded/main.sdstest

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-package tests.typing.declarations.parameters.ofBlockLambdas
+package tests.typing.declarations.parameters.ofBlockLambdas.thatAreYielded
 
 segment mySegment() -> (
     // $TEST$ equivalence_class parameterType2

tests/resources/typing/declarations/parameters/of block lambdas/with manifest types.sdstest renamed to tests/resources/typing/declarations/parameters/of block lambdas/with manifest types/main.sdstest

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-package tests.typing.declarations.parameters.ofBlockLambdas
+package tests.typing.declarations.parameters.ofBlockLambdas.withManifestTypes
 
 segment mySegment() {
     // $TEST$ equivalence_class parameterType3

tests/resources/typing/declarations/parameters/of expression lambdas/that are isolated.sdstest renamed to tests/resources/typing/declarations/parameters/of expression lambdas/that are isolated/main.sdstest

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-package tests.typing.declarations.parameters.ofExpressionLambdas
+package tests.typing.declarations.parameters.ofExpressionLambdas.thatAreIsolated
 
 segment mySegment() {
     // $TEST$ serialization $Unknown

tests/resources/typing/declarations/parameters/of expression lambdas/skip-that are passed as argument.sdstest renamed to tests/resources/typing/declarations/parameters/of expression lambdas/that are passed as arguments/main.sdstest

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-package tests.typing.declarations.parameters.ofExpressionLambdas
+package tests.typing.declarations.parameters.ofExpressionLambdas.thatArePassedAsArguments
 
 // $TEST$ equivalence_class parameterType1
 fun higherOrderFunction1(param: (a: »String«) -> r: String)

tests/resources/typing/declarations/parameters/of expression lambdas/that are yielded.sdstest renamed to tests/resources/typing/declarations/parameters/of expression lambdas/that are yielded/main.sdstest

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-package tests.typing.declarations.parameters.ofExpressionLambdas
+package tests.typing.declarations.parameters.ofExpressionLambdas.thatAreYielded
 
 segment mySegment() -> (
     // $TEST$ equivalence_class parameterType2

tests/resources/typing/declarations/parameters/of expression lambdas/with manifest types.sdstest renamed to tests/resources/typing/declarations/parameters/of expression lambdas/with manifest types/main.sdstest

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-package tests.typing.declarations.parameters.ofExpressionLambdas
+package tests.typing.declarations.parameters.ofExpressionLambdas.withManifestTypes
 
 segment mySegment() {
     // $TEST$ equivalence_class parameterType3