Limit lzw bits to a maximum of 12 bits, fixes issue #2743

Author: brianpopow

src/ImageSharp/Formats/Gif/LzwDecoder.cs

@@ -19,6 +19,11 @@ internal sealed class LzwDecoder : IDisposable
     /// </summary>
     private const int MaxStackSize = 4096;
 
+    /// <summary>
+    /// The maximum bits for a lzw code.
+    /// </summary>
+    private const int MaximumLzwBits = 12;
+
     /// <summary>
     /// The null code.
     /// </summary>
@@ -73,7 +78,7 @@ public void DecodePixels(int minCodeSize, Buffer2D<byte> pixels)
         // It is possible to specify a larger LZW minimum code size than the palette length in bits
         // which may leave a gap in the codes where no colors are assigned.
         // http://www.matthewflickinger.com/lab/whatsinagif/lzw_image_data.asp#lzw_compression
-        if (minCodeSize < 2 || clearCode > MaxStackSize)
+        if (minCodeSize < 2 || minCodeSize > MaximumLzwBits || clearCode > MaxStackSize)
         {
             // Don't attempt to decode the frame indices.
             // Theoretically we could determine a min code size from the length of the provided
@@ -245,7 +250,7 @@ public void SkipIndices(int minCodeSize, int length)
         // It is possible to specify a larger LZW minimum code size than the palette length in bits
         // which may leave a gap in the codes where no colors are assigned.
         // http://www.matthewflickinger.com/lab/whatsinagif/lzw_image_data.asp#lzw_compression
-        if (minCodeSize < 2 || clearCode > MaxStackSize)
+        if (minCodeSize < 2 || minCodeSize > MaximumLzwBits || clearCode > MaxStackSize)
         {
             // Don't attempt to decode the frame indices.
             // Theoretically we could determine a min code size from the length of the provided

tests/ImageSharp.Tests/Formats/Gif/GifDecoderTests.cs

@@ -318,4 +318,21 @@ public void IssueDeferredClearCode<TPixel>(TestImageProvider<TPixel> provider)
         image.DebugSave(provider);
         image.CompareFirstFrameToReferenceOutput(ImageComparer.Exact, provider);
     }
+
+    // https://github.com/SixLabors/ImageSharp/issues/2743
+    [Theory]
+    [WithFile(TestImages.Gif.Issues.BadMaxLzwBits, PixelTypes.Rgba32)]
+    public void IssueTooLargeLzwBits<TPixel>(TestImageProvider<TPixel> provider)
+        where TPixel : unmanaged, IPixel<TPixel>
+    {
+        Exception ex = Record.Exception(
+            () =>
+            {
+                using Image<TPixel> image = provider.GetImage();
+                image.DebugSave(provider);
+            });
+
+        Assert.NotNull(ex);
+        Assert.Contains("Gif Image does not contain a valid LZW minimum code.", ex.Message);
+    }
 }

tests/ImageSharp.Tests/TestImages.cs

@@ -516,6 +516,7 @@ public static class Issues
             public const string BadAppExtLength = "Gif/issues/issue405_badappextlength252.gif";
             public const string BadAppExtLength_2 = "Gif/issues/issue405_badappextlength252-2.gif";
             public const string BadDescriptorWidth = "Gif/issues/issue403_baddescriptorwidth.gif";
+            public const string BadMaxLzwBits = "Gif/issues/issue_2743.gif";
             public const string DeferredClearCode = "Gif/issues/bugzilla-55918.gif";
             public const string Issue1505 = "Gif/issues/issue1505_argumentoutofrange.png";
             public const string Issue1530 = "Gif/issues/issue1530.gif";