bead/bead-core.ttl at main · btraven00/bead · GitHub

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# BEAD Core Ontology (bead-core.ttl)
# Version: 0.1.0
# Description: Defines the core, abstract concepts for describing scientific benchmarks.

@prefix : <https://purl.org/bead/> .
@prefix owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#> .
@prefix rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#> .
@prefix rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#> .
@prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> .
@prefix dcterms: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/> .
@prefix prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#> .
@prefix schema: <http://schema.org/> .
@prefix skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#> .

# ------------------------------------------------------
# Ontology Header
# ------------------------------------------------------

<https://purl.org/bead/core> rdf:type owl:Ontology ;
    dcterms:title "BEAD Core Ontology"@en ;
    dcterms:description "Core concepts for the Benchmarkable Entities, Annotations and Datasets (BEAD) ontology."@en ;
    owl:versionInfo "0.1.0" ;
    owl:versionIRI <https://purl.org/bead/0.1.0/core> ;
    dcterms:creator "ben carrillo" ;
    dcterms:license <https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/> ;
    dcterms:created "2025"^^xsd:gYear .

# ------------------------------------------------------
# External Class & Property Declarations
# ------------------------------------------------------

prov:Entity rdf:type owl:Class .
prov:Activity rdf:type owl:Class .
skos:Concept rdf:type owl:Class .
schema:Dataset rdf:type owl:Class .
schema:ScholarlyArticle rdf:type owl:Class .
prov:used rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty .

# ------------------------------------------------------
# Abstract Classes
# ------------------------------------------------------

:ComputationalTool rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "Computational Tool"@en ;
    rdfs:comment "An abstract class representing any software, source code repository, or distributable package used in a benchmark."@en .

# ------------------------------------------------------
# Core Classes
# ------------------------------------------------------

:Task rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf skos:Concept ;
    rdfs:label "Task"@en ;
    rdfs:comment "A scientific problem or question that a benchmark aims to address."@en .

:Dataset rdf:type owl:Class ;
    owl:equivalentClass schema:Dataset ;
    rdfs:label "Dataset"@en .

:Method rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf prov:Entity ;
    rdfs:label "Method"@en ;
    rdfs:comment "An abstract algorithm, protocol, or technique being evaluated."@en .

:Metric rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf skos:Concept ;
    rdfs:label "Metric"@en ;
    rdfs:comment "A standard of measurement used to evaluate performance (e.g., F1 Score, Accuracy)."@en .


# Conceptually, a Comparison is an activity that uses Methods, Datasets, and
# Metrics to produce a results Artifact.

:Comparison rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf prov:Activity ;
    rdfs:label "Comparison"@en ;
    rdfs:comment "The central activity of running a benchmark to evaluate one or more methods on a dataset."@en .

:Artifact rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf prov:Entity ;
    rdfs:label "Artifact"@en ;
    rdfs:comment "A tangible output of a comparison, such as a results table, figure, or an RO-Crate."@en .

# We all know what a Paper is - a cristalization of academic effort.
# We should remember they are time-frozen snapshots, unless they're rolling papers. They probably
# deserve a class of their own.

:Paper rdf:type owl:Class ;
    owl:equivalentClass schema:ScholarlyArticle ;
    rdfs:label "Paper"@en .

# ------------------------------------------------------
# Object Properties
# ------------------------------------------------------

:introduces rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:label "introduces"@en ;
    rdfs:domain :Paper ;
    rdfs:range :Method .

:implementedIn rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:label "implemented in"@en ;
    rdfs:domain :Method ;
    rdfs:range :ComputationalTool .

:evaluates rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:label "evaluates"@en ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf prov:used ;
    rdfs:domain :Comparison ;
    rdfs:range :Method .

:usesDataset rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:label "uses dataset"@en ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf prov:used ;
    rdfs:domain :Comparison ;
    rdfs:range :Dataset .

:usesMetric rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:label "uses metric"@en ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf prov:used ;
    rdfs:domain :Comparison ;
    rdfs:range :Metric .

:addressesTask rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:label "addresses task"@en ;
    rdfs:domain :Comparison ;
    rdfs:range :Task .

:producesArtifact rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:label "produces artifact"@en ;
    rdfs:domain :Comparison ;
    rdfs:range :Artifact .

# ------------------------------------------------------
# Property Chains for Inference
# ------------------------------------------------------

:helpsSolveTask rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:label "helps solve task"@en ;
    rdfs:comment "An inferred property linking a dataset directly to a task it was used to evaluate."@en ;
    rdfs:domain :Dataset ;
    rdfs:range :Task .

:helpsSolveTask owl:propertyChainAxiom (
    [ owl:inverseOf :usesDataset ]
    :addressesTask
) .