diff --git a/package.json b/package.json
index 779939d4..8fecb034 100644
--- a/package.json
+++ b/package.json
@@ -90,14 +90,6 @@
     "is-plain-obj": "^3.0.0",
     "micromatch": "^4.0.2"
   },
-  "peerDependencies": {
-    "@types/express": "^4.17.13"
-  },
-  "peerDependenciesMeta": {
-    "@types/express": {
-      "optional": true
-    }
-  },
   "engines": {
     "node": ">=12.0.0"
   },
diff --git a/src/_handlers.ts b/src/_handlers.ts
index 6cdefd79..4a8b6be2 100644
--- a/src/_handlers.ts
+++ b/src/_handlers.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
-import type * as express from 'express';
-import type { Options } from './types';
+import type { Request, Response, Options } from './types';
 import type * as httpProxy from 'http-proxy';
 import { getInstance } from './logger';
 const logger = getInstance();
@@ -53,7 +52,7 @@ export function getHandlers(options: Options) {
   return handlers;
 }
 
-function defaultErrorHandler(err, req: express.Request, res: express.Response) {
+function defaultErrorHandler(err, req: Request, res: Response) {
   // Re-throw error. Not recoverable since req & res are empty.
   if (!req && !res) {
     throw err; // "Error: Must provide a proper URL as target"
diff --git a/src/handlers/fix-request-body.ts b/src/handlers/fix-request-body.ts
index 1855f569..24108511 100644
--- a/src/handlers/fix-request-body.ts
+++ b/src/handlers/fix-request-body.ts
@@ -5,8 +5,8 @@ import * as querystring from 'querystring';
 /**
  * Fix proxied body if bodyParser is involved.
  */
-export function fixRequestBody(proxyReq: http.ClientRequest, req: http.IncomingMessage): void {
-  const requestBody = (req as Request).body;
+export function fixRequestBody(proxyReq: http.ClientRequest, req: Request): void {
+  const requestBody = req.body;
 
   if (!requestBody) {
     return;
diff --git a/src/http-proxy-middleware.ts b/src/http-proxy-middleware.ts
index b93ae92f..5928bd5b 100644
--- a/src/http-proxy-middleware.ts
+++ b/src/http-proxy-middleware.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 import type * as https from 'https';
-import type * as express from 'express';
-import type { Filter, Request, RequestHandler, Response, Options } from './types';
+import type { Filter, Request, RequestMiddleware, Response, Options } from './types';
 import * as httpProxy from 'http-proxy';
 import { createConfig, Config } from './config-factory';
 import * as contextMatcher from './context-matcher';
@@ -8,6 +7,7 @@ import * as handlers from './_handlers';
 import { getArrow, getInstance } from './logger';
 import * as PathRewriter from './path-rewriter';
 import * as Router from './router';
+
 export class HttpProxyMiddleware {
   private logger = getInstance();
   private config: Config;
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ export class HttpProxyMiddleware {
 
     // https://github.com/chimurai/http-proxy-middleware/issues/19
     // expose function to upgrade externally
-    (this.middleware as any).upgrade = (req, socket, head) => {
+    this.middleware.upgrade = (req, socket, head) => {
       if (!this.wsInternalSubscribed) {
         this.handleUpgrade(req, socket, head);
       }
@@ -43,11 +43,7 @@ export class HttpProxyMiddleware {
   }
 
   // https://github.com/Microsoft/TypeScript/wiki/'this'-in-TypeScript#red-flags-for-this
-  public middleware: RequestHandler = async (
-    req: Request,
-    res: Response,
-    next: express.NextFunction
-  ) => {
+  public middleware: RequestMiddleware = async (req, res, next) => {
     if (this.shouldProxy(this.config.context, req)) {
       try {
         const activeProxyOptions = await this.prepareProxyRequest(req);
@@ -58,7 +54,6 @@ export class HttpProxyMiddleware {
     } else {
       next();
     }
-
     /**
      * Get the server object to subscribe to server events;
      * 'upgrade' for websocket and 'close' for graceful shutdown
diff --git a/src/index.ts b/src/index.ts
index 79a95325..59ccf6d3 100644
--- a/src/index.ts
+++ b/src/index.ts
@@ -8,4 +8,4 @@ export function createProxyMiddleware(context: Filter | Options, options?: Optio
 
 export * from './handlers';
 
-export { Filter, Options, RequestHandler } from './types';
+export { Filter, Options, RequestMiddleware } from './types';
diff --git a/src/types.ts b/src/types.ts
index 55628aab..a2cfbc02 100644
--- a/src/types.ts
+++ b/src/types.ts
@@ -4,20 +4,40 @@
  */
 
 /* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/no-empty-interface */
-
-import type * as express from 'express';
 import type * as http from 'http';
 import type * as httpProxy from 'http-proxy';
 import type * as net from 'net';
 import type * as url from 'url';
 
-export interface Request extends express.Request {}
-export interface Response extends express.Response {}
+export type Request = http.IncomingMessage;
+export type Response = http.ServerResponse;
 
-export interface RequestHandler extends express.RequestHandler {
-  upgrade?: (req: Request, socket: net.Socket, head: any) => void;
+/**
+ * http-proxy-middleware supports framework specific values. The following
+ * values are primarily decorated onto IncomingMessage by express, but are
+ * not required for use.
+ */
+declare module 'http' {
+  interface IncomingMessage {
+    originalUrl?: string;
+    hostname?: string;
+    host?: string;
+    body?: Record<string, any>;
+  }
 }
 
+export type Next = (...args: unknown[]) => unknown;
+
+type RequestMiddlewareFunction = (
+  req: http.IncomingMessage,
+  res: http.ServerResponse,
+  next: Next
+) => unknown | Promise<unknown>;
+
+export type RequestMiddleware = RequestMiddlewareFunction & {
+  upgrade?: (req: Request, socket: net.Socket, head: any) => void;
+};
+
 export type Filter = string | string[] | ((pathname: string, req: Request) => boolean);
 
 export interface Options extends httpProxy.ServerOptions {
diff --git a/test/e2e/express-router.spec.ts b/test/e2e/servers/express-router.spec.ts
similarity index 93%
rename from test/e2e/express-router.spec.ts
rename to test/e2e/servers/express-router.spec.ts
index 611247be..39930340 100644
--- a/test/e2e/express-router.spec.ts
+++ b/test/e2e/servers/express-router.spec.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import * as express from 'express';
 import * as request from 'supertest';
-import { createProxyMiddleware } from './test-kit';
-import { Options } from '../../src/index';
+import { createProxyMiddleware } from '../test-kit';
+import { Options } from '../../../src/index';
 
 describe('Usage in Express', () => {
   let app: express.Express;
diff --git a/test/e2e/servers/http.spec.ts b/test/e2e/servers/http.spec.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..f46ae4e6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/e2e/servers/http.spec.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+import * as http from 'http';
+import { createProxyMiddleware } from '../test-kit';
+import { Options } from '../../../src/index';
+import * as request from 'supertest';
+import * as getPort from 'get-port';
+
+describe('http integration', () => {
+  it('should work with raw node http RequestHandler', async () => {
+    await new Promise(async (resolve, reject) => {
+      const port = await getPort();
+      const server = http
+        .createServer((req, res) => {
+          const proxyConfig: Options = {
+            changeOrigin: true,
+            logLevel: 'silent',
+            target: 'http://jsonplaceholder.typicode.com',
+          };
+          const handler = createProxyMiddleware(proxyConfig);
+          return handler(req, res, resolve);
+        })
+        .listen(port);
+      request(server)
+        .get('/')
+        .expect(200)
+        .end((err, res) => {
+          if (err) {
+            reject(err);
+          } else {
+            expect(res.ok).toBe(true);
+            resolve(res);
+          }
+        });
+    });
+  });
+});
diff --git a/test/e2e/websocket.spec.ts b/test/e2e/websocket.spec.ts
index ad946d4a..38b24bae 100644
--- a/test/e2e/websocket.spec.ts
+++ b/test/e2e/websocket.spec.ts
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import * as WebSocket from 'ws';
 import { Server as WebSocketServer } from 'ws';
 import * as getPort from 'get-port';
 import { createProxyMiddleware, createApp } from './test-kit';
-import type { RequestHandler } from '../../src/types';
+import type { RequestMiddleware } from '../../src/types';
 
 /********************************************************************
  * - Not possible to use `supertest` to test WebSockets
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ describe('E2E WebSocket proxy', () => {
   let proxyServer: http.Server;
   let ws: WebSocket;
   let wss: WebSocketServer;
-  let proxyMiddleware: RequestHandler;
+  let proxyMiddleware: RequestMiddleware;
   let WS_SERVER_PORT: number;
   let SERVER_PORT: number;
 
diff --git a/test/unit/fix-request-body.spec.ts b/test/unit/fix-request-body.spec.ts
index 96677502..e9a37717 100644
--- a/test/unit/fix-request-body.spec.ts
+++ b/test/unit/fix-request-body.spec.ts
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ describe('fixRequestBody', () => {
     jest.spyOn(proxyRequest, 'setHeader');
     jest.spyOn(proxyRequest, 'write');
 
-    fixRequestBody(proxyRequest, { body: { someField: 'some value' } } as Request);
+    fixRequestBody(proxyRequest, { body: { someField: 'some value' } } as unknown as Request);
 
     const expectedBody = JSON.stringify({ someField: 'some value' });
     expect(proxyRequest.setHeader).toHaveBeenCalledWith('Content-Length', expectedBody.length);
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ describe('fixRequestBody', () => {
     jest.spyOn(proxyRequest, 'setHeader');
     jest.spyOn(proxyRequest, 'write');
 
-    fixRequestBody(proxyRequest, { body: { someField: 'some value' } } as Request);
+    fixRequestBody(proxyRequest, { body: { someField: 'some value' } } as unknown as Request);
 
     const expectedBody = querystring.stringify({ someField: 'some value' });
     expect(proxyRequest.setHeader).toHaveBeenCalledWith('Content-Length', expectedBody.length);