[CP-stable][Reland] Fix Tab linear and elastic animation blink (flutter#162315) (flutter#163830)

This pull request is created by [automatic cherry pick workflow](https://github.com/flutter/flutter/blob/main/docs/releases/Flutter-Cherrypick-Process.md#automatically-creates-a-cherry-pick-request)
Please fill in the form below, and a flutter domain expert will evaluate this cherry pick request.

### Issue Link:

Cherry picked PR: flutter#162450
Issue: flutter#162098

< Replace with issue link here >

### Changelog Description:
Explain this cherry pick in one line that is accessible to most Flutter developers. See [best practices](https://github.com/flutter/flutter/blob/main/docs/releases/Hotfix-Documentation-Best-Practices.md) for examples

< Replace with changelog description here >

### Impact Description:
What is the impact (ex. visual jank on Samsung phones, app crash, cannot ship an iOS app)? Does it impact development (ex. flutter doctor crashes when Android Studio is installed), or the shipping production app (the app crashes on launch)

 Anyone using the `TabBar` widget. High impact.

### Workaround:
Is there a workaround for this issue?

None.

### Risk:
What is the risk level of this cherry-pick?

### Test Coverage:
Are you confident that your fix is well-tested by automated tests?

### Validation Steps:
What are the steps to validate that this fix works?

 Run a `TabBar` with linear tab animation and tap third or fourth or use elastic animation observe tab indictor highlight.

Author: flutteractionsbot

packages/flutter/lib/src/material/tabs.dart

@@ -586,27 +586,10 @@ class _IndicatorPainter extends CustomPainter {
     _painter ??= indicator.createBoxPainter(markNeedsPaint);
 
     final double value = controller.animation!.value;
-    final int to =
-        controller.indexIsChanging
-            ? controller.index
-            : switch (textDirection) {
-              TextDirection.ltr => value.ceil(),
-              TextDirection.rtl => value.floor(),
-            }.clamp(0, maxTabIndex);
-    final int from =
-        controller.indexIsChanging
-            ? controller.previousIndex
-            : switch (textDirection) {
-              TextDirection.ltr => (to - 1),
-              TextDirection.rtl => (to + 1),
-            }.clamp(0, maxTabIndex);
-    final Rect toRect = indicatorRect(size, to);
-    final Rect fromRect = indicatorRect(size, from);
-    _currentRect = Rect.lerp(fromRect, toRect, (value - from).abs());
 
     _currentRect = switch (indicatorAnimation) {
-      TabIndicatorAnimation.linear => _currentRect,
-      TabIndicatorAnimation.elastic => _applyElasticEffect(fromRect, toRect, _currentRect!),
+      TabIndicatorAnimation.linear => _applyLinearEffect(size: size, value: value),
+      TabIndicatorAnimation.elastic => _applyElasticEffect(size: size, value: value),
     };
 
     assert(_currentRect != null);
@@ -628,6 +611,17 @@ class _IndicatorPainter extends CustomPainter {
     _painter!.paint(canvas, _currentRect!.topLeft, configuration);
   }
 
+  /// Applies the linear effect to the indicator.
+  Rect? _applyLinearEffect({required Size size, required double value}) {
+    final double index = controller.index.toDouble();
+    final bool ltr = index > value;
+    final int from = (ltr ? value.floor() : value.ceil()).clamp(0, maxTabIndex);
+    final int to = (ltr ? from + 1 : from - 1).clamp(0, maxTabIndex);
+    final Rect fromRect = indicatorRect(size, from);
+    final Rect toRect = indicatorRect(size, to);
+    return Rect.lerp(fromRect, toRect, (value - from).abs());
+  }
+
   // Ease out sine (decelerating).
   double decelerateInterpolation(double fraction) {
     return math.sin((fraction * math.pi) / 2.0);
@@ -639,20 +633,38 @@ class _IndicatorPainter extends CustomPainter {
   }
 
   /// Applies the elastic effect to the indicator.
-  Rect _applyElasticEffect(Rect fromRect, Rect toRect, Rect currentRect) {
+  Rect? _applyElasticEffect({required Size size, required double value}) {
+    final double index = controller.index.toDouble();
+    double progressLeft = (index - value).abs();
+
+    final int to =
+        progressLeft == 0.0 || !controller.indexIsChanging
+            ? switch (textDirection) {
+              TextDirection.ltr => value.ceil(),
+              TextDirection.rtl => value.floor(),
+            }.clamp(0, maxTabIndex)
+            : controller.index;
+    final int from =
+        progressLeft == 0.0 || !controller.indexIsChanging
+            ? switch (textDirection) {
+              TextDirection.ltr => (to - 1),
+              TextDirection.rtl => (to + 1),
+            }.clamp(0, maxTabIndex)
+            : controller.previousIndex;
+    final Rect toRect = indicatorRect(size, to);
+    final Rect fromRect = indicatorRect(size, from);
+    final Rect rect = Rect.lerp(fromRect, toRect, (value - from).abs())!;
+
     // If the tab animation is completed, there is no need to stretch the indicator
     // This only works for the tab change animation via tab index, not when
     // dragging a [TabBarView], but it's still ok, to avoid unnecessary calculations.
     if (controller.animation!.isCompleted) {
-      return currentRect;
+      return rect;
     }
 
-    final double index = controller.index.toDouble();
-    final double value = controller.animation!.value;
     final double tabChangeProgress;
 
     if (controller.indexIsChanging) {
-      double progressLeft = (index - value).abs();
       final int tabsDelta = (controller.index - controller.previousIndex).abs();
       if (tabsDelta != 0) {
         progressLeft /= tabsDelta;
@@ -664,7 +676,7 @@ class _IndicatorPainter extends CustomPainter {
 
     // If the animation has finished, there is no need to apply the stretch effect.
     if (tabChangeProgress == 1.0) {
-      return currentRect;
+      return rect;
     }
 
     final double leftFraction;
@@ -701,7 +713,7 @@ class _IndicatorPainter extends CustomPainter {
       };
     }
 
-    return Rect.fromLTRB(lerpRectLeft, currentRect.top, lerpRectRight, currentRect.bottom);
+    return Rect.fromLTRB(lerpRectLeft, rect.top, lerpRectRight, rect.bottom);
   }
 
   @override