PS C:\DATA\TestLLama\llama> ./main -m ./models/7B/ggml-model-q4_0.bin -p "This is a long story about how programming came to be, including an overview of all important programming languages used so far:" -n 2048 -t 18 --temp 0.8 -c 2048 -s -1
main: seed = 1680704771
llama_model_load: loading model from './models/7B/ggml-model-q4_0.bin' - please wait ...
llama_model_load: n_vocab = 32000
llama_model_load: n_ctx   = 2048
llama_model_load: n_embd  = 4096
llama_model_load: n_mult  = 256
llama_model_load: n_head  = 32
llama_model_load: n_layer = 32
llama_model_load: n_rot   = 128
llama_model_load: f16     = 2
llama_model_load: n_ff    = 11008
llama_model_load: n_parts = 1
llama_model_load: type    = 1
llama_model_load: ggml map size = 4017.70 MB
llama_model_load: ggml ctx size =  81.25 KB
llama_model_load: mem required  = 5809.78 MB (+ 1026.00 MB per state)
llama_model_load: loading tensors from './models/7B/ggml-model-q4_0.bin'
llama_model_load: model size =  4017.27 MB / num tensors = 291
llama_init_from_file: kv self size  = 1024.00 MB

system_info: n_threads = 18 / 36 | AVX = 1 | AVX2 = 1 | AVX512 = 0 | FMA = 1 | NEON = 0 | ARM_FMA = 0 | F16C = 1 | FP16_VA = 0 | WASM_SIMD = 0 | BLAS = 0 | SSE3 = 1 | VSX = 0 |
sampling: temp = 0.800000, top_k = 40, top_p = 0.950000, repeat_last_n = 64, repeat_penalty = 1.100000
generate: n_ctx = 2048, n_batch = 8, n_predict = 2048, n_keep = 0


 This is a long story about how programming came to be, including an overview of all important programming languages used so far:
Computers were invented in the 1940s, but it wasn’t until the 1950s that computers started to be able to perform real work. These early machines were large and very expensive (as much as a car), and they had their own language (called machine code). Later on, computers got smaller and more commonplace, so programs for them also needed to become cheaper and easier to understand.
The solution came in the form of FORTRAN – short for “Formula Translator” - it was created by John Backus in 1954 and it is now considered as the first widely used high-level programming language. It allowed programmers to write shorter, more understandable programs instead of having to learn a whole new language of ones and zeros (called machine code).
As time went on and computers became smaller and cheaper, languages were created specifically for them: COBOL for businesses, BASIC for learning how to use the computer, Assembler for building machines from scratch.
In 1960s came LISP – a short for “Logic Programming System” (by Gerald J. Lieberman and John V. McCall) which was considered as a programming language with all the features of machine code in one place, but also able to do things that machines cannot do on their own: symbolic logic manipulation (e.g., sorting, searching).
In 1960s there was also JOVIAL – short for “Jobs Oriented Virtual Intructional Language” – created by Grace Hopper and others at the Navy’s Computing machine center; it was a system of high-level programming language that was developed specifically to enable students to learn how to program on large computer systems.
In 1970s appeared C, C++, Java (by James Gosling), Pascal (created by Dennis Ritchie and Patrick Jaillet in 1965) which is designed for students learning to program or experienced software developers writing system-level code; it was a language that had low-level syntax.
In 1970s appeared PL/I – short for “Programming Language Number One” (by IBM scientists) - developed at the request of Department of Defense and National Security Agency. It was called PL/I as it was intended to be an extension of the COBOL, but this never happened since it had low-level syntax too.
In 1970s appeared ALGOL 68 (created by J.W. Backus) which is considered as a language used for programming computers that have no machine code; its main purpose was to help people learn how to program on machines that weren’t able to do it themselves and the language allowed this to be done.
In 1970s appeared APL (created by Kenneth Iverson in 1964) which is used for fast data manipulation; its main purpose was to help scientists and mathematicians learn how to program on machines that weren’t able to do it themselves.
APL is a language in which programming can be done by entering mathematical expressions directly, but also with the use of words from the APL dictionary (e.g., “+”, “-”). Its syntax was designed to enable users to write computer programs and get results without having to understand low-level details such as memory management. It is considered as a language which enables people to learn how to program on machines that weren’t able to do it themselves, because it allows the user to manipulate data directly using mathematical expressions.
In 1970s appeared COBOL (created by Grace Hopper) which was created for programming mainframe computers; its syntax is considered as high-level and low-level at same time: it has low-level syntax such as “i=” but it also has high-level features like “readfile”.
COBOL is used for writing programs that are meant to run on large mainframe computers (not personal or workstation computers), so that means its main purpose was to help people learn how to program using machines that weren’t able to do it themselves. It is considered as a language which enables people to write programs using low-level features such as “i=” and also allows them to use high-level features like “readfile”.
In 1970s appeared C (by Dennis Ritchie) which was created for writing system-level code; its syntax is considered as a language that has low-level features (such as “char”, “int”, etc.) but it also allows the user to have high-level features such as “printf”.
C is used to write programs that are meant to run on microcomputers (PCs, Macs, Unix workstations) so that means its main purpose was to help people learn how to program using machines that weren’t able to do it themselves. It is considered as a language which enables people to have low-level features such as “char”, “int” but also high-level features like “printf”.
In 1980s appeared Pascal (created by Dennis Ritchie and Patrick Jaillet in 1965) which was created for writing systems programs; its syntax is considered as a language that has low-level features (such as “int”, “char”), but it also allows the user to have high-level features such as “printf”.
Pascal is used to write programs that are meant to run on microcomputers, so that means its main purpose was to help people learn how to program using machines that weren’t able to do it themselves. It is considered as a language which has low-level features (such as “int”, “char”) but also high-level features such as “printf”.
In 1980s appeared FORTRAN (by John Backus) which was created for writing system programs; its syntax is considered as a language that has low-level features (such as “i=”), but it also allows the user to have high-level features such as “print”.
FORTRAN is used to write programs that are meant to run on microcomputers, so that means its main purpose was to help people learn how to program using machines that weren’t able to do it themselves. It is considered as a language which has low-level features (such as “i=”) but also high-level features such as “print”.
In 1980s appeared Basic (by Microsoft Corporation) which was created for writing system programs; its syntax is considered as a language that has low-level features (such as “i=”, “print”), but it also allows the user to have high-level features such as “do while”.
Basic is used to write programs that are meant to run on microcomputers, so that means its main purpose was to help people learn how to program using machines that weren’t able to do it themselves. It is considered as a language which has low-level features (such as “i=”, “print”) but also high-level features such as “do while”.
In 1980s appeared C++ (by Bjarne Stroustrup) which was created for writing system programs; its syntax is considered as a language that has low-level features (such as “char”, “int”), but it also allows the user to have high-level features such as “printf”.
C++ is used to write programs that are meant to run on microcomputers, so that means its main purpose was to help people learn how to program using machines that weren’t able to do it themselves. It is considered as a language which has low-level features (such as “char”, “int”) but also high-level features such as “printf”.
In 1980s appeared Java (by James Gosling) which was created for writing system programs; its syntax is considered as a language that has low-level features (such as “i=”, “print”), but it also allows the user to have high-level features such as “do while”.
Java is used to write programs that are meant to run on microcomputers, so that means its main purpose was to help people learn how to program using machines that weren’t able to do it themselves. It is considered as a language which has low-level features (such as “i=”, “print”) but also high-level features such as “do while”.
In 1980s appeared Object Pascal which was created for writing system programs; its syntax is considered as a language that has low-level features (such as “i=”), but it also allows the user to have high-level features such as “printf”.
Object Pascal is used to write programs that are meant to run on microcomputers, so that means its main purpose was to help people learn how to program using machines that weren’t able to do it themselves. It is considered as a language which has low-level features (such as “i=”) but also high-level features such as “printf”.
In 1980s appeared Ruby which was created for writing system programs; its syntax is considered as a language that has low-level features (such as “i=”, “print”), but it also allows the user to have high-level features such as “do while”.
Ruby is used to write programs that are meant to
PS C:\DATA\TestLLama\llama> ^C