Add regression test for #18668 (#19085)

Author: weswigham

tests/baselines/reference/castFunctionExpressionShouldBeParenthesized.js

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+//// [castFunctionExpressionShouldBeParenthesized.ts]
+(function a() { } as any)().foo()
+
+//// [castFunctionExpressionShouldBeParenthesized.js]
+(function a() { }().foo());

tests/baselines/reference/castFunctionExpressionShouldBeParenthesized.symbols

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+=== tests/cases/compiler/castFunctionExpressionShouldBeParenthesized.ts ===
+(function a() { } as any)().foo()
+>a : Symbol(a, Decl(castFunctionExpressionShouldBeParenthesized.ts, 0, 1))
+

tests/baselines/reference/castFunctionExpressionShouldBeParenthesized.types

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+=== tests/cases/compiler/castFunctionExpressionShouldBeParenthesized.ts ===
+(function a() { } as any)().foo()
+>(function a() { } as any)().foo() : any
+>(function a() { } as any)().foo : any
+>(function a() { } as any)() : any
+>(function a() { } as any) : any
+>function a() { } as any : any
+>function a() { } : () => void
+>a : () => void
+>foo : any
+

tests/cases/compiler/castFunctionExpressionShouldBeParenthesized.ts

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+(function a() { } as any)().foo()