Merge pull request #3397 from Microsoft/genericTypeAliases

Generic type aliases

Author: ahejlsberg

src/compiler/binder.ts

@@ -338,6 +338,7 @@ module ts {
                 case SyntaxKind.ArrowFunction:
                 case SyntaxKind.ModuleDeclaration:
                 case SyntaxKind.SourceFile:
+                case SyntaxKind.TypeAliasDeclaration:
                     return ContainerFlags.IsContainerWithLocals;
 
                 case SyntaxKind.CatchClause:
@@ -385,10 +386,10 @@ module ts {
 
         function declareSymbolAndAddToSymbolTableWorker(node: Declaration, symbolFlags: SymbolFlags, symbolExcludes: SymbolFlags): Symbol {
             switch (container.kind) {
-                // Modules, source files, and classes need specialized handling for how their 
+                // Modules, source files, and classes need specialized handling for how their
                 // members are declared (for example, a member of a class will go into a specific
-                // symbol table depending on if it is static or not). As such, we defer to 
-                // specialized handlers to take care of declaring these child members.
+                // symbol table depending on if it is static or not). We defer to specialized
+                // handlers to take care of declaring these child members.
                 case SyntaxKind.ModuleDeclaration:
                     return declareModuleMember(node, symbolFlags, symbolExcludes);
 
@@ -406,9 +407,10 @@ module ts {
                 case SyntaxKind.ObjectLiteralExpression:
                 case SyntaxKind.InterfaceDeclaration:
                     // Interface/Object-types always have their children added to the 'members' of
-                    // their container.  They are only accessible through an instance of their 
-                    // container, and are never in scope otherwise (even inside the body of the 
-                    // object / type / interface declaring them).
+                    // their container. They are only accessible through an instance of their
+                    // container, and are never in scope otherwise (even inside the body of the
+                    // object / type / interface declaring them). An exception is type parameters,
+                    // which are in scope without qualification (similar to 'locals').
                     return declareSymbol(container.symbol.members, container.symbol, node, symbolFlags, symbolExcludes);
 
                 case SyntaxKind.FunctionType:
@@ -424,11 +426,12 @@ module ts {
                 case SyntaxKind.FunctionDeclaration:
                 case SyntaxKind.FunctionExpression:
                 case SyntaxKind.ArrowFunction:
+                case SyntaxKind.TypeAliasDeclaration:
                     // All the children of these container types are never visible through another
-                    // symbol (i.e. through another symbol's 'exports' or 'members').  Instead, 
-                    // they're only accessed 'lexically' (i.e. from code that exists underneath 
+                    // symbol (i.e. through another symbol's 'exports' or 'members').  Instead,
+                    // they're only accessed 'lexically' (i.e. from code that exists underneath
                     // their container in the tree.  To accomplish this, we simply add their declared
-                    // symbol to the 'locals' of the container.  These symbols can then be found as 
+                    // symbol to the 'locals' of the container.  These symbols can then be found as
                     // the type checker walks up the containers, checking them for matching names.
                     return declareSymbol(container.locals, undefined, node, symbolFlags, symbolExcludes);
             }

src/compiler/checker.ts

@@ -258,6 +258,7 @@ module ts {
                 return visitNodes(cbNodes, node.decorators) ||
                     visitNodes(cbNodes, node.modifiers) ||
                     visitNode(cbNode, (<TypeAliasDeclaration>node).name) ||
+                    visitNodes(cbNodes, (<TypeAliasDeclaration>node).typeParameters) ||
                     visitNode(cbNode, (<TypeAliasDeclaration>node).type);
             case SyntaxKind.EnumDeclaration:
                 return visitNodes(cbNodes, node.decorators) ||
@@ -4591,6 +4592,7 @@ module ts {
             setModifiers(node, modifiers);
             parseExpected(SyntaxKind.TypeKeyword);
             node.name = parseIdentifier();
+            node.typeParameters = parseTypeParameters();
             parseExpected(SyntaxKind.EqualsToken);
             node.type = parseType();
             parseSemicolon();

src/compiler/parser.ts

@@ -946,6 +946,7 @@ module ts {
 
     export interface TypeAliasDeclaration extends Declaration, Statement {
         name: Identifier;
+        typeParameters?: NodeArray<TypeParameterDeclaration>;
         type: TypeNode;
     }
 
@@ -1539,7 +1540,9 @@ module ts {
     export interface SymbolLinks {
         target?: Symbol;                    // Resolved (non-alias) target of an alias
         type?: Type;                        // Type of value symbol
-        declaredType?: Type;                // Type of class, interface, enum, or type parameter
+        declaredType?: Type;                // Type of class, interface, enum, type alias, or type parameter
+        typeParameters?: TypeParameter[];   // Type parameters of type alias (undefined if non-generic)
+        instantiations?: Map<Type>;         // Instantiations of generic type alias (undefined if non-generic)
         mapper?: TypeMapper;                // Type mapper for instantiation alias
         referenced?: boolean;               // True if alias symbol has been referenced as a value
         unionType?: UnionType;              // Containing union type for union property

src/compiler/types.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,120 @@
+//// [genericTypeAliases.ts]
+type Tree<T> = T | { left: Tree<T>, right: Tree<T> };
+
+var tree: Tree<number> = {
+    left: {
+        left: 0,
+        right: {
+            left: 1,
+            right: 2
+        },
+    },
+    right: 3
+};
+
+type Lazy<T> = T | (() => T);
+
+var ls: Lazy<string>;
+ls = "eager";
+ls = () => "lazy";
+
+type Foo<T> = T | { x: Foo<T> };
+type Bar<U> = U | { x: Bar<U> };
+
+// Deeply instantiated generics
+var x: Foo<string>;
+var y: Bar<string>;
+x = y;
+y = x;
+
+x = "string";
+x = { x: "hello" };
+x = { x: { x: "world" } };
+
+var z: Foo<number>;
+z = 42;
+z = { x: 42 };
+z = { x: { x: 42 } };
+
+type Strange<T> = string;  // Type parameter not used
+var s: Strange<number>;
+s = "hello";
+
+interface Tuple<A, B> {
+    a: A;
+    b: B;
+}
+
+type Pair<T> = Tuple<T, T>;
+
+interface TaggedPair<T> extends Pair<T> {
+    tag: string;
+}
+
+var p: TaggedPair<number>;
+p.a = 1;
+p.b = 2;
+p.tag = "test";
+
+function f<A>() {
+    type Foo<T> = T | { x: Foo<T> };
+    var x: Foo<A[]>;
+    return x;
+}
+
+function g<B>() {
+    type Bar<U> = U | { x: Bar<U> };
+    var x: Bar<B[]>;
+    return x;
+}
+
+// Deeply instantiated generics
+var a = f<string>();
+var b = g<string>();
+a = b;
+
+
+//// [genericTypeAliases.js]
+var tree = {
+    left: {
+        left: 0,
+        right: {
+            left: 1,
+            right: 2
+        }
+    },
+    right: 3
+};
+var ls;
+ls = "eager";
+ls = function () { return "lazy"; };
+// Deeply instantiated generics
+var x;
+var y;
+x = y;
+y = x;
+x = "string";
+x = { x: "hello" };
+x = { x: { x: "world" } };
+var z;
+z = 42;
+z = { x: 42 };
+z = { x: { x: 42 } };
+var s;
+s = "hello";
+var p;
+p.a = 1;
+p.b = 2;
+p.tag = "test";
+function f() {
+    var x;
+    return x;
+}
+function g() {
+    var x;
+    return x;
+}
+// Deeply instantiated generics
+var a = f();
+var b = g();
+a = b;