diff --git a/src/compiler/checker.ts b/src/compiler/checker.ts
index 91ff98be94646..d8be9b4ab3000 100644
--- a/src/compiler/checker.ts
+++ b/src/compiler/checker.ts
@@ -32200,19 +32200,26 @@ export function createTypeChecker(host: TypeCheckerHost): TypeChecker {
     }
 
     function getSpreadArgumentType(args: readonly Expression[], index: number, argCount: number, restType: Type, context: InferenceContext | undefined, checkMode: CheckMode) {
+        const inConstContext = isConstTypeVariable(restType);
+
         if (index >= argCount - 1) {
             const arg = args[argCount - 1];
             if (isSpreadArgument(arg)) {
                 // We are inferring from a spread expression in the last argument position, i.e. both the parameter
                 // and the argument are ...x forms.
-                return getMutableArrayOrTupleType(arg.kind === SyntaxKind.SyntheticExpression ? (arg as SyntheticExpression).type :
-                    checkExpressionWithContextualType((arg as SpreadElement).expression, restType, context, checkMode));
+                const spreadType = arg.kind === SyntaxKind.SyntheticExpression ? (arg as SyntheticExpression).type :
+                    checkExpressionWithContextualType((arg as SpreadElement).expression, restType, context, checkMode);
+
+                if (isArrayLikeType(spreadType)) {
+                    return getMutableArrayOrTupleType(spreadType);
+                }
+
+                return createArrayType(checkIteratedTypeOrElementType(IterationUse.Spread, spreadType, undefinedType, arg.kind === SyntaxKind.SpreadElement ? (arg as SpreadElement).expression : arg), inConstContext);
             }
         }
         const types = [];
         const flags = [];
         const names = [];
-        const inConstContext = isConstTypeVariable(restType);
         for (let i = index; i < argCount; i++) {
             const arg = args[i];
             if (isSpreadArgument(arg)) {
diff --git a/tests/baselines/reference/argumentsSpreadRestIterables(target=es5).errors.txt b/tests/baselines/reference/argumentsSpreadRestIterables(target=es5).errors.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..b96c642c819ef
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/baselines/reference/argumentsSpreadRestIterables(target=es5).errors.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+tests/cases/compiler/argumentsSpreadRestIterables.tsx(1,22): error TS2304: Cannot find name 'Iterable'.
+tests/cases/compiler/argumentsSpreadRestIterables.tsx(8,21): error TS2461: Type '"hello"' is not an array type.
+tests/cases/compiler/argumentsSpreadRestIterables.tsx(10,27): error TS2461: Type '"hello"' is not an array type.
+tests/cases/compiler/argumentsSpreadRestIterables.tsx(15,19): error TS2461: Type '"hello"' is not an array type.
+tests/cases/compiler/argumentsSpreadRestIterables.tsx(17,25): error TS2461: Type '"hello"' is not an array type.
+
+
+==== tests/cases/compiler/argumentsSpreadRestIterables.tsx (5 errors) ====
+    declare const itNum: Iterable<number>
+                         ~~~~~~~~
+!!! error TS2304: Cannot find name 'Iterable'.
+    
+    ;(function(...rest) {})(...itNum)
+    ;(function(a, ...rest) {})('', ...itNum)
+    ;(function(a, ...rest) {})('', true, ...itNum)
+    
+    declare function fn1<const T extends readonly unknown[]>(...args: T): T;
+    const res1 = fn1(..."hello");
+                        ~~~~~~~
+!!! error TS2461: Type '"hello"' is not an array type.
+    const res2 = fn1(...itNum);
+    const res3 = fn1(true, ..."hello");
+                              ~~~~~~~
+!!! error TS2461: Type '"hello"' is not an array type.
+    const res4 = fn1(true, ...itNum);
+    
+    // repro from #52781
+    declare function foo<T extends unknown[]>(...args: T): T;
+    const p1 = foo(..."hello");
+                      ~~~~~~~
+!!! error TS2461: Type '"hello"' is not an array type.
+    const p2 = foo(...itNum);
+    const p3 = foo(true, ..."hello");
+                            ~~~~~~~
+!!! error TS2461: Type '"hello"' is not an array type.
+    const p4 = foo(true, ...itNum);
+    
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tests/baselines/reference/argumentsSpreadRestIterables(target=es5).symbols b/tests/baselines/reference/argumentsSpreadRestIterables(target=es5).symbols
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..6724774a315e7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/baselines/reference/argumentsSpreadRestIterables(target=es5).symbols
@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+=== tests/cases/compiler/argumentsSpreadRestIterables.tsx ===
+declare const itNum: Iterable<number>
+>itNum : Symbol(itNum, Decl(argumentsSpreadRestIterables.tsx, 0, 13))
+>Iterable : Symbol(Iterable)
+
+;(function(...rest) {})(...itNum)
+>rest : Symbol(rest, Decl(argumentsSpreadRestIterables.tsx, 2, 11))
+>itNum : Symbol(itNum, Decl(argumentsSpreadRestIterables.tsx, 0, 13))
+
+;(function(a, ...rest) {})('', ...itNum)
+>a : Symbol(a, Decl(argumentsSpreadRestIterables.tsx, 3, 11))
+>rest : Symbol(rest, Decl(argumentsSpreadRestIterables.tsx, 3, 13))
+>itNum : Symbol(itNum, Decl(argumentsSpreadRestIterables.tsx, 0, 13))
+
+;(function(a, ...rest) {})('', true, ...itNum)
+>a : Symbol(a, Decl(argumentsSpreadRestIterables.tsx, 4, 11))
+>rest : Symbol(rest, Decl(argumentsSpreadRestIterables.tsx, 4, 13))
+>itNum : Symbol(itNum, Decl(argumentsSpreadRestIterables.tsx, 0, 13))
+
+declare function fn1<const T extends readonly unknown[]>(...args: T): T;
+>fn1 : Symbol(fn1, Decl(argumentsSpreadRestIterables.tsx, 4, 46))
+>T : Symbol(T, Decl(argumentsSpreadRestIterables.tsx, 6, 21))
+>args : Symbol(args, Decl(argumentsSpreadRestIterables.tsx, 6, 57))
+>T : Symbol(T, Decl(argumentsSpreadRestIterables.tsx, 6, 21))
+>T : Symbol(T, Decl(argumentsSpreadRestIterables.tsx, 6, 21))
+
+const res1 = fn1(..."hello");
+>res1 : Symbol(res1, Decl(argumentsSpreadRestIterables.tsx, 7, 5))
+>fn1 : Symbol(fn1, Decl(argumentsSpreadRestIterables.tsx, 4, 46))
+
+const res2 = fn1(...itNum);
+>res2 : Symbol(res2, Decl(argumentsSpreadRestIterables.tsx, 8, 5))
+>fn1 : Symbol(fn1, Decl(argumentsSpreadRestIterables.tsx, 4, 46))
+>itNum : Symbol(itNum, Decl(argumentsSpreadRestIterables.tsx, 0, 13))
+
+const res3 = fn1(true, ..."hello");
+>res3 : Symbol(res3, Decl(argumentsSpreadRestIterables.tsx, 9, 5))
+>fn1 : Symbol(fn1, Decl(argumentsSpreadRestIterables.tsx, 4, 46))
+
+const res4 = fn1(true, ...itNum);
+>res4 : Symbol(res4, Decl(argumentsSpreadRestIterables.tsx, 10, 5))
+>fn1 : Symbol(fn1, Decl(argumentsSpreadRestIterables.tsx, 4, 46))
+>itNum : Symbol(itNum, Decl(argumentsSpreadRestIterables.tsx, 0, 13))
+
+// repro from #52781
+declare function foo<T extends unknown[]>(...args: T): T;
+>foo : Symbol(foo, Decl(argumentsSpreadRestIterables.tsx, 10, 33))
+>T : Symbol(T, Decl(argumentsSpreadRestIterables.tsx, 13, 21))
+>args : Symbol(args, Decl(argumentsSpreadRestIterables.tsx, 13, 42))
+>T : Symbol(T, Decl(argumentsSpreadRestIterables.tsx, 13, 21))
+>T : Symbol(T, Decl(argumentsSpreadRestIterables.tsx, 13, 21))
+
+const p1 = foo(..."hello");
+>p1 : Symbol(p1, Decl(argumentsSpreadRestIterables.tsx, 14, 5))
+>foo : Symbol(foo, Decl(argumentsSpreadRestIterables.tsx, 10, 33))
+
+const p2 = foo(...itNum);
+>p2 : Symbol(p2, Decl(argumentsSpreadRestIterables.tsx, 15, 5))
+>foo : Symbol(foo, Decl(argumentsSpreadRestIterables.tsx, 10, 33))
+>itNum : Symbol(itNum, Decl(argumentsSpreadRestIterables.tsx, 0, 13))
+
+const p3 = foo(true, ..."hello");
+>p3 : Symbol(p3, Decl(argumentsSpreadRestIterables.tsx, 16, 5))
+>foo : Symbol(foo, Decl(argumentsSpreadRestIterables.tsx, 10, 33))
+
+const p4 = foo(true, ...itNum);
+>p4 : Symbol(p4, Decl(argumentsSpreadRestIterables.tsx, 17, 5))
+>foo : Symbol(foo, Decl(argumentsSpreadRestIterables.tsx, 10, 33))
+>itNum : Symbol(itNum, Decl(argumentsSpreadRestIterables.tsx, 0, 13))
+
diff --git a/tests/baselines/reference/argumentsSpreadRestIterables(target=es5).types b/tests/baselines/reference/argumentsSpreadRestIterables(target=es5).types
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..401fd666b9040
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/baselines/reference/argumentsSpreadRestIterables(target=es5).types
@@ -0,0 +1,102 @@
+=== tests/cases/compiler/argumentsSpreadRestIterables.tsx ===
+declare const itNum: Iterable<number>
+>itNum : Iterable<number>
+
+;(function(...rest) {})(...itNum)
+>(function(...rest) {})(...itNum) : void
+>(function(...rest) {}) : (...rest: Iterable<number>) => void
+>function(...rest) {} : (...rest: Iterable<number>) => void
+>rest : Iterable<number>
+>...itNum : Iterable<number>
+>itNum : Iterable<number>
+
+;(function(a, ...rest) {})('', ...itNum)
+>(function(a, ...rest) {})('', ...itNum) : void
+>(function(a, ...rest) {}) : (a: string, ...rest: Iterable<number>) => void
+>function(a, ...rest) {} : (a: string, ...rest: Iterable<number>) => void
+>a : string
+>rest : Iterable<number>
+>'' : ""
+>...itNum : Iterable<number>
+>itNum : Iterable<number>
+
+;(function(a, ...rest) {})('', true, ...itNum)
+>(function(a, ...rest) {})('', true, ...itNum) : void
+>(function(a, ...rest) {}) : (a: string, rest_0: boolean, ...rest_1: any[]) => void
+>function(a, ...rest) {} : (a: string, rest_0: boolean, ...rest_1: any[]) => void
+>a : string
+>rest : [boolean, ...any[]]
+>'' : ""
+>true : true
+>...itNum : Iterable<number>
+>itNum : Iterable<number>
+
+declare function fn1<const T extends readonly unknown[]>(...args: T): T;
+>fn1 : <const T extends readonly unknown[]>(...args: T) => T
+>args : T
+
+const res1 = fn1(..."hello");
+>res1 : readonly any[]
+>fn1(..."hello") : readonly any[]
+>fn1 : <const T extends readonly unknown[]>(...args: T) => T
+>..."hello" : any
+>"hello" : "hello"
+
+const res2 = fn1(...itNum);
+>res2 : Iterable<number>
+>fn1(...itNum) : Iterable<number>
+>fn1 : <const T extends readonly unknown[]>(...args: T) => T
+>...itNum : Iterable<number>
+>itNum : Iterable<number>
+
+const res3 = fn1(true, ..."hello");
+>res3 : readonly [true, ...any[]]
+>fn1(true, ..."hello") : readonly [true, ...any[]]
+>fn1 : <const T extends readonly unknown[]>(...args: T) => T
+>true : true
+>..."hello" : any
+>"hello" : "hello"
+
+const res4 = fn1(true, ...itNum);
+>res4 : readonly [true, ...any[]]
+>fn1(true, ...itNum) : readonly [true, ...any[]]
+>fn1 : <const T extends readonly unknown[]>(...args: T) => T
+>true : true
+>...itNum : Iterable<number>
+>itNum : Iterable<number>
+
+// repro from #52781
+declare function foo<T extends unknown[]>(...args: T): T;
+>foo : <T extends unknown[]>(...args: T) => T
+>args : T
+
+const p1 = foo(..."hello");
+>p1 : any[]
+>foo(..."hello") : any[]
+>foo : <T extends unknown[]>(...args: T) => T
+>..."hello" : any
+>"hello" : "hello"
+
+const p2 = foo(...itNum);
+>p2 : Iterable<number>
+>foo(...itNum) : Iterable<number>
+>foo : <T extends unknown[]>(...args: T) => T
+>...itNum : Iterable<number>
+>itNum : Iterable<number>
+
+const p3 = foo(true, ..."hello");
+>p3 : [boolean, ...any[]]
+>foo(true, ..."hello") : [boolean, ...any[]]
+>foo : <T extends unknown[]>(...args: T) => T
+>true : true
+>..."hello" : any
+>"hello" : "hello"
+
+const p4 = foo(true, ...itNum);
+>p4 : [boolean, ...any[]]
+>foo(true, ...itNum) : [boolean, ...any[]]
+>foo : <T extends unknown[]>(...args: T) => T
+>true : true
+>...itNum : Iterable<number>
+>itNum : Iterable<number>
+
diff --git a/tests/baselines/reference/argumentsSpreadRestIterables(target=esnext).symbols b/tests/baselines/reference/argumentsSpreadRestIterables(target=esnext).symbols
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..b37a980224fde
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/baselines/reference/argumentsSpreadRestIterables(target=esnext).symbols
@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+=== tests/cases/compiler/argumentsSpreadRestIterables.tsx ===
+declare const itNum: Iterable<number>
+>itNum : Symbol(itNum, Decl(argumentsSpreadRestIterables.tsx, 0, 13))
+>Iterable : Symbol(Iterable, Decl(lib.es2015.iterable.d.ts, --, --))
+
+;(function(...rest) {})(...itNum)
+>rest : Symbol(rest, Decl(argumentsSpreadRestIterables.tsx, 2, 11))
+>itNum : Symbol(itNum, Decl(argumentsSpreadRestIterables.tsx, 0, 13))
+
+;(function(a, ...rest) {})('', ...itNum)
+>a : Symbol(a, Decl(argumentsSpreadRestIterables.tsx, 3, 11))
+>rest : Symbol(rest, Decl(argumentsSpreadRestIterables.tsx, 3, 13))
+>itNum : Symbol(itNum, Decl(argumentsSpreadRestIterables.tsx, 0, 13))
+
+;(function(a, ...rest) {})('', true, ...itNum)
+>a : Symbol(a, Decl(argumentsSpreadRestIterables.tsx, 4, 11))
+>rest : Symbol(rest, Decl(argumentsSpreadRestIterables.tsx, 4, 13))
+>itNum : Symbol(itNum, Decl(argumentsSpreadRestIterables.tsx, 0, 13))
+
+declare function fn1<const T extends readonly unknown[]>(...args: T): T;
+>fn1 : Symbol(fn1, Decl(argumentsSpreadRestIterables.tsx, 4, 46))
+>T : Symbol(T, Decl(argumentsSpreadRestIterables.tsx, 6, 21))
+>args : Symbol(args, Decl(argumentsSpreadRestIterables.tsx, 6, 57))
+>T : Symbol(T, Decl(argumentsSpreadRestIterables.tsx, 6, 21))
+>T : Symbol(T, Decl(argumentsSpreadRestIterables.tsx, 6, 21))
+
+const res1 = fn1(..."hello");
+>res1 : Symbol(res1, Decl(argumentsSpreadRestIterables.tsx, 7, 5))
+>fn1 : Symbol(fn1, Decl(argumentsSpreadRestIterables.tsx, 4, 46))
+
+const res2 = fn1(...itNum);
+>res2 : Symbol(res2, Decl(argumentsSpreadRestIterables.tsx, 8, 5))
+>fn1 : Symbol(fn1, Decl(argumentsSpreadRestIterables.tsx, 4, 46))
+>itNum : Symbol(itNum, Decl(argumentsSpreadRestIterables.tsx, 0, 13))
+
+const res3 = fn1(true, ..."hello");
+>res3 : Symbol(res3, Decl(argumentsSpreadRestIterables.tsx, 9, 5))
+>fn1 : Symbol(fn1, Decl(argumentsSpreadRestIterables.tsx, 4, 46))
+
+const res4 = fn1(true, ...itNum);
+>res4 : Symbol(res4, Decl(argumentsSpreadRestIterables.tsx, 10, 5))
+>fn1 : Symbol(fn1, Decl(argumentsSpreadRestIterables.tsx, 4, 46))
+>itNum : Symbol(itNum, Decl(argumentsSpreadRestIterables.tsx, 0, 13))
+
+// repro from #52781
+declare function foo<T extends unknown[]>(...args: T): T;
+>foo : Symbol(foo, Decl(argumentsSpreadRestIterables.tsx, 10, 33))
+>T : Symbol(T, Decl(argumentsSpreadRestIterables.tsx, 13, 21))
+>args : Symbol(args, Decl(argumentsSpreadRestIterables.tsx, 13, 42))
+>T : Symbol(T, Decl(argumentsSpreadRestIterables.tsx, 13, 21))
+>T : Symbol(T, Decl(argumentsSpreadRestIterables.tsx, 13, 21))
+
+const p1 = foo(..."hello");
+>p1 : Symbol(p1, Decl(argumentsSpreadRestIterables.tsx, 14, 5))
+>foo : Symbol(foo, Decl(argumentsSpreadRestIterables.tsx, 10, 33))
+
+const p2 = foo(...itNum);
+>p2 : Symbol(p2, Decl(argumentsSpreadRestIterables.tsx, 15, 5))
+>foo : Symbol(foo, Decl(argumentsSpreadRestIterables.tsx, 10, 33))
+>itNum : Symbol(itNum, Decl(argumentsSpreadRestIterables.tsx, 0, 13))
+
+const p3 = foo(true, ..."hello");
+>p3 : Symbol(p3, Decl(argumentsSpreadRestIterables.tsx, 16, 5))
+>foo : Symbol(foo, Decl(argumentsSpreadRestIterables.tsx, 10, 33))
+
+const p4 = foo(true, ...itNum);
+>p4 : Symbol(p4, Decl(argumentsSpreadRestIterables.tsx, 17, 5))
+>foo : Symbol(foo, Decl(argumentsSpreadRestIterables.tsx, 10, 33))
+>itNum : Symbol(itNum, Decl(argumentsSpreadRestIterables.tsx, 0, 13))
+
diff --git a/tests/baselines/reference/argumentsSpreadRestIterables(target=esnext).types b/tests/baselines/reference/argumentsSpreadRestIterables(target=esnext).types
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..a1543ea0d3054
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/baselines/reference/argumentsSpreadRestIterables(target=esnext).types
@@ -0,0 +1,102 @@
+=== tests/cases/compiler/argumentsSpreadRestIterables.tsx ===
+declare const itNum: Iterable<number>
+>itNum : Iterable<number>
+
+;(function(...rest) {})(...itNum)
+>(function(...rest) {})(...itNum) : void
+>(function(...rest) {}) : (...rest: number[]) => void
+>function(...rest) {} : (...rest: number[]) => void
+>rest : number[]
+>...itNum : number
+>itNum : Iterable<number>
+
+;(function(a, ...rest) {})('', ...itNum)
+>(function(a, ...rest) {})('', ...itNum) : void
+>(function(a, ...rest) {}) : (a: string, ...rest: number[]) => void
+>function(a, ...rest) {} : (a: string, ...rest: number[]) => void
+>a : string
+>rest : number[]
+>'' : ""
+>...itNum : number
+>itNum : Iterable<number>
+
+;(function(a, ...rest) {})('', true, ...itNum)
+>(function(a, ...rest) {})('', true, ...itNum) : void
+>(function(a, ...rest) {}) : (a: string, rest_0: boolean, ...rest_1: number[]) => void
+>function(a, ...rest) {} : (a: string, rest_0: boolean, ...rest_1: number[]) => void
+>a : string
+>rest : [boolean, ...number[]]
+>'' : ""
+>true : true
+>...itNum : number
+>itNum : Iterable<number>
+
+declare function fn1<const T extends readonly unknown[]>(...args: T): T;
+>fn1 : <const T extends readonly unknown[]>(...args: T) => T
+>args : T
+
+const res1 = fn1(..."hello");
+>res1 : readonly string[]
+>fn1(..."hello") : readonly string[]
+>fn1 : <const T extends readonly unknown[]>(...args: T) => T
+>..."hello" : string
+>"hello" : "hello"
+
+const res2 = fn1(...itNum);
+>res2 : readonly number[]
+>fn1(...itNum) : readonly number[]
+>fn1 : <const T extends readonly unknown[]>(...args: T) => T
+>...itNum : number
+>itNum : Iterable<number>
+
+const res3 = fn1(true, ..."hello");
+>res3 : readonly [true, ...string[]]
+>fn1(true, ..."hello") : readonly [true, ...string[]]
+>fn1 : <const T extends readonly unknown[]>(...args: T) => T
+>true : true
+>..."hello" : string
+>"hello" : "hello"
+
+const res4 = fn1(true, ...itNum);
+>res4 : readonly [true, ...number[]]
+>fn1(true, ...itNum) : readonly [true, ...number[]]
+>fn1 : <const T extends readonly unknown[]>(...args: T) => T
+>true : true
+>...itNum : number
+>itNum : Iterable<number>
+
+// repro from #52781
+declare function foo<T extends unknown[]>(...args: T): T;
+>foo : <T extends unknown[]>(...args: T) => T
+>args : T
+
+const p1 = foo(..."hello");
+>p1 : string[]
+>foo(..."hello") : string[]
+>foo : <T extends unknown[]>(...args: T) => T
+>..."hello" : string
+>"hello" : "hello"
+
+const p2 = foo(...itNum);
+>p2 : number[]
+>foo(...itNum) : number[]
+>foo : <T extends unknown[]>(...args: T) => T
+>...itNum : number
+>itNum : Iterable<number>
+
+const p3 = foo(true, ..."hello");
+>p3 : [boolean, ...string[]]
+>foo(true, ..."hello") : [boolean, ...string[]]
+>foo : <T extends unknown[]>(...args: T) => T
+>true : true
+>..."hello" : string
+>"hello" : "hello"
+
+const p4 = foo(true, ...itNum);
+>p4 : [boolean, ...number[]]
+>foo(true, ...itNum) : [boolean, ...number[]]
+>foo : <T extends unknown[]>(...args: T) => T
+>true : true
+>...itNum : number
+>itNum : Iterable<number>
+
diff --git a/tests/cases/compiler/argumentsSpreadRestIterables.tsx b/tests/cases/compiler/argumentsSpreadRestIterables.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..a68aec01fa9c4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/cases/compiler/argumentsSpreadRestIterables.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+// @strict: true
+// @noEmit: true
+// @target: es5, esnext
+
+declare const itNum: Iterable<number>
+
+;(function(...rest) {})(...itNum)
+;(function(a, ...rest) {})('', ...itNum)
+;(function(a, ...rest) {})('', true, ...itNum)
+
+declare function fn1<const T extends readonly unknown[]>(...args: T): T;
+const res1 = fn1(..."hello");
+const res2 = fn1(...itNum);
+const res3 = fn1(true, ..."hello");
+const res4 = fn1(true, ...itNum);
+
+// repro from #52781
+declare function foo<T extends unknown[]>(...args: T): T;
+const p1 = foo(..."hello");
+const p2 = foo(...itNum);
+const p3 = foo(true, ..."hello");
+const p4 = foo(true, ...itNum);