[3.12] gh-105375: Improve _decimal error handling (GH-105605) (#105647)

Fix a bug where an exception could end up being overwritten.
(cherry picked from commit c932f72)

Co-authored-by: Erlend E. Aasland <[email protected]>

Author: miss-islington

Misc/NEWS.d/next/Library/2023-06-09-22-52-45.gh-issue-105375.6igkhn.rst

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Fix bug in :mod:`decimal` where an exception could end up being overwritten.

Modules/_decimal/_decimal.c

@@ -3615,9 +3615,13 @@ dec_as_integer_ratio(PyObject *self, PyObject *args UNUSED)
             goto error;
         }
         Py_SETREF(numerator, _py_long_floor_divide(numerator, tmp));
+        if (numerator == NULL) {
+            Py_DECREF(tmp);
+            goto error;
+        }
         Py_SETREF(denominator, _py_long_floor_divide(denominator, tmp));
         Py_DECREF(tmp);
-        if (numerator == NULL || denominator == NULL) {
+        if (denominator == NULL) {
             goto error;
         }
     }