Merge branch 'main' into fastmethodcaller_lazy_vectorcall

Author: eendebakpt

Doc/c-api/call.rst

@@ -152,7 +152,7 @@ Vectorcall Support API
    This is mostly useful to check whether or not *op* supports vectorcall,
    which can be done by checking ``PyVectorcall_Function(op) != NULL``.
 
-   .. versionadded:: 3.8
+   .. versionadded:: 3.9
 
 .. c:function:: PyObject* PyVectorcall_Call(PyObject *callable, PyObject *tuple, PyObject *dict)
 

Doc/c-api/exceptions.rst

@@ -163,7 +163,7 @@ For convenience, some of these functions will always return a
    This is a convenience function to raise an exception when a C library function
    has returned an error and set the C variable :c:data:`errno`.  It constructs a
    tuple object whose first item is the integer :c:data:`errno` value and whose
-   second item is the corresponding error message (gotten from :c:func:`strerror`),
+   second item is the corresponding error message (gotten from :c:func:`!strerror`),
    and then calls ``PyErr_SetObject(type, object)``.  On Unix, when the
    :c:data:`errno` value is :c:macro:`EINTR`, indicating an interrupted system call,
    this calls :c:func:`PyErr_CheckSignals`, and if that set the error indicator,

Doc/c-api/sys.rst

@@ -106,15 +106,15 @@ Operating System Utilities
 .. c:function:: PyOS_sighandler_t PyOS_getsig(int i)
 
    Return the current signal handler for signal *i*.  This is a thin wrapper around
-   either :c:func:`sigaction` or :c:func:`signal`.  Do not call those functions
+   either :c:func:`!sigaction` or :c:func:`!signal`.  Do not call those functions
    directly! :c:type:`PyOS_sighandler_t` is a typedef alias for :c:expr:`void
    (\*)(int)`.
 
 
 .. c:function:: PyOS_sighandler_t PyOS_setsig(int i, PyOS_sighandler_t h)
 
    Set the signal handler for signal *i* to be *h*; return the old signal handler.
-   This is a thin wrapper around either :c:func:`sigaction` or :c:func:`signal`.  Do
+   This is a thin wrapper around either :c:func:`!sigaction` or :c:func:`!signal`.  Do
    not call those functions directly!  :c:type:`PyOS_sighandler_t` is a typedef
    alias for :c:expr:`void (\*)(int)`.
 

Doc/conf.py

@@ -77,6 +77,24 @@
     exclude_patterns.append(venvdir + '/*')
 
 nitpick_ignore = [
+    # Standard C functions
+    ('c:func', 'calloc'),
+    ('c:func', 'dlopen'),
+    ('c:func', 'exec'),
+    ('c:func', 'fcntl'),
+    ('c:func', 'fork'),
+    ('c:func', 'free'),
+    ('c:func', 'gmtime'),
+    ('c:func', 'localtime'),
+    ('c:func', 'main'),
+    ('c:func', 'malloc'),
+    ('c:func', 'printf'),
+    ('c:func', 'realloc'),
+    ('c:func', 'snprintf'),
+    ('c:func', 'sprintf'),
+    ('c:func', 'stat'),
+    ('c:func', 'system'),
+    ('c:func', 'vsnprintf'),
     # Standard C types
     ('c:type', 'FILE'),
     ('c:type', '__int'),

Doc/howto/clinic.rst

@@ -292,19 +292,19 @@ Available static markers
 
 .. object:: function__return(str filename, str funcname, int lineno)
 
-   This marker is the converse of :c:func:`function__entry`, and indicates that
+   This marker is the converse of :c:func:`!function__entry`, and indicates that
    execution of a Python function has ended (either via ``return``, or via an
    exception).  It is only triggered for pure-Python (bytecode) functions.
 
-   The arguments are the same as for :c:func:`function__entry`
+   The arguments are the same as for :c:func:`!function__entry`
 
 .. object:: line(str filename, str funcname, int lineno)
 
    This marker indicates a Python line is about to be executed.  It is
    the equivalent of line-by-line tracing with a Python profiler.  It is
    not triggered within C functions.
 
-   The arguments are the same as for :c:func:`function__entry`.
+   The arguments are the same as for :c:func:`!function__entry`.
 
 .. object:: gc__start(int generation)
 

Doc/howto/instrumentation.rst

@@ -477,7 +477,7 @@ Supported mailbox formats are Maildir, mbox, MH, Babyl, and MMDF.
                unlock()
 
       Three locking mechanisms are used---dot locking and, if available, the
-      :c:func:`flock` and :c:func:`lockf` system calls.
+      :c:func:`!flock` and :c:func:`!lockf` system calls.
 
 
 .. seealso::
@@ -588,7 +588,7 @@ Supported mailbox formats are Maildir, mbox, MH, Babyl, and MMDF.
                unlock()
 
       Three locking mechanisms are used---dot locking and, if available, the
-      :c:func:`flock` and :c:func:`lockf` system calls. For MH mailboxes, locking
+      :c:func:`!flock` and :c:func:`!lockf` system calls. For MH mailboxes, locking
       the mailbox means locking the :file:`.mh_sequences` file and, only for the
       duration of any operations that affect them, locking individual message
       files.
@@ -686,7 +686,7 @@ Supported mailbox formats are Maildir, mbox, MH, Babyl, and MMDF.
                unlock()
 
       Three locking mechanisms are used---dot locking and, if available, the
-      :c:func:`flock` and :c:func:`lockf` system calls.
+      :c:func:`!flock` and :c:func:`!lockf` system calls.
 
 
 .. seealso::
@@ -737,7 +737,7 @@ Supported mailbox formats are Maildir, mbox, MH, Babyl, and MMDF.
                unlock()
 
       Three locking mechanisms are used---dot locking and, if available, the
-      :c:func:`flock` and :c:func:`lockf` system calls.
+      :c:func:`!flock` and :c:func:`!lockf` system calls.
 
 
 .. seealso::

Doc/library/mailbox.rst

@@ -714,14 +714,14 @@ process and user.
 
 .. function:: getsid(pid, /)
 
-   Call the system call :c:func:`getsid`.  See the Unix manual for the semantics.
+   Call the system call :c:func:`!getsid`.  See the Unix manual for the semantics.
 
    .. availability:: Unix, not Emscripten, not WASI.
 
 
 .. function:: setsid()
 
-   Call the system call :c:func:`setsid`.  See the Unix manual for the semantics.
+   Call the system call :c:func:`!setsid`.  See the Unix manual for the semantics.
 
    .. availability:: Unix, not Emscripten, not WASI.
 
@@ -739,7 +739,7 @@ process and user.
 .. function:: strerror(code, /)
 
    Return the error message corresponding to the error code in *code*.
-   On platforms where :c:func:`strerror` returns ``NULL`` when given an unknown
+   On platforms where :c:func:`!strerror` returns ``NULL`` when given an unknown
    error number, :exc:`ValueError` is raised.
 
 

Doc/library/os.rst

@@ -6,10 +6,10 @@
 
 --------------
 
-This module provides access to the :c:func:`select` and :c:func:`poll` functions
-available in most operating systems, :c:func:`devpoll` available on
-Solaris and derivatives, :c:func:`epoll` available on Linux 2.5+ and
-:c:func:`kqueue` available on most BSD.
+This module provides access to the :c:func:`!select` and :c:func:`!poll` functions
+available in most operating systems, :c:func:`!devpoll` available on
+Solaris and derivatives, :c:func:`!epoll` available on Linux 2.5+ and
+:c:func:`!kqueue` available on most BSD.
 Note that on Windows, it only works for sockets; on other operating systems,
 it also works for other file types (in particular, on Unix, it works on pipes).
 It cannot be used on regular files to determine whether a file has grown since
@@ -41,10 +41,10 @@ The module defines the following:
    polling object; see section :ref:`devpoll-objects` below for the
    methods supported by devpoll objects.
 
-   :c:func:`devpoll` objects are linked to the number of file
+   :c:func:`!devpoll` objects are linked to the number of file
    descriptors allowed at the time of instantiation. If your program
-   reduces this value, :c:func:`devpoll` will fail. If your program
-   increases this value, :c:func:`devpoll` may return an
+   reduces this value, :c:func:`!devpoll` will fail. If your program
+   increases this value, :c:func:`!devpoll` may return an
    incomplete list of active file descriptors.
 
    The new file descriptor is :ref:`non-inheritable <fd_inheritance>`.
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ The module defines the following:
 
    *sizehint* informs epoll about the expected number of events to be
    registered.  It must be positive, or ``-1`` to use the default. It is only
-   used on older systems where :c:func:`epoll_create1` is not available;
+   used on older systems where :c:func:`!epoll_create1` is not available;
    otherwise it has no effect (though its value is still checked).
 
    *flags* is deprecated and completely ignored.  However, when supplied, its
@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ The module defines the following:
 
 .. function:: select(rlist, wlist, xlist[, timeout])
 
-   This is a straightforward interface to the Unix :c:func:`select` system call.
+   This is a straightforward interface to the Unix :c:func:`!select` system call.
    The first three arguments are iterables of 'waitable objects': either
    integers representing file descriptors or objects with a parameterless method
    named :meth:`~io.IOBase.fileno` returning such an integer:
@@ -154,7 +154,7 @@ The module defines the following:
       .. index:: single: WinSock
 
       File objects on Windows are not acceptable, but sockets are.  On Windows,
-      the underlying :c:func:`select` function is provided by the WinSock
+      the underlying :c:func:`!select` function is provided by the WinSock
       library, and does not handle file descriptors that don't originate from
       WinSock.
 
@@ -169,7 +169,7 @@ The module defines the following:
 
    The minimum number of bytes which can be written without blocking to a pipe
    when the pipe has been reported as ready for writing by :func:`~select.select`,
-   :func:`poll` or another interface in this module.  This doesn't apply
+   :func:`!poll` or another interface in this module.  This doesn't apply
    to other kind of file-like objects such as sockets.
 
    This value is guaranteed by POSIX to be at least 512.
@@ -184,11 +184,11 @@ The module defines the following:
 ``/dev/poll`` Polling Objects
 -----------------------------
 
-Solaris and derivatives have ``/dev/poll``. While :c:func:`select` is
-O(highest file descriptor) and :c:func:`poll` is O(number of file
+Solaris and derivatives have ``/dev/poll``. While :c:func:`!select` is
+O(highest file descriptor) and :c:func:`!poll` is O(number of file
 descriptors), ``/dev/poll`` is O(active file descriptors).
 
-``/dev/poll`` behaviour is very close to the standard :c:func:`poll`
+``/dev/poll`` behaviour is very close to the standard :c:func:`!poll`
 object.
 
 
@@ -222,7 +222,7 @@ object.
    implement :meth:`!fileno`, so they can also be used as the argument.
 
    *eventmask* is an optional bitmask describing the type of events you want to
-   check for. The constants are the same that with :c:func:`poll`
+   check for. The constants are the same that with :c:func:`!poll`
    object. The default value is a combination of the constants :const:`POLLIN`,
    :const:`POLLPRI`, and :const:`POLLOUT`.
 
@@ -231,7 +231,7 @@ object.
       Registering a file descriptor that's already registered is not an
       error, but the result is undefined. The appropriate action is to
       unregister or modify it first. This is an important difference
-      compared with :c:func:`poll`.
+      compared with :c:func:`!poll`.
 
 
 .. method:: devpoll.modify(fd[, eventmask])
@@ -376,13 +376,13 @@ Edge and Level Trigger Polling (epoll) Objects
 Polling Objects
 ---------------
 
-The :c:func:`poll` system call, supported on most Unix systems, provides better
+The :c:func:`!poll` system call, supported on most Unix systems, provides better
 scalability for network servers that service many, many clients at the same
-time. :c:func:`poll` scales better because the system call only requires listing
-the file descriptors of interest, while :c:func:`select` builds a bitmap, turns
+time. :c:func:`!poll` scales better because the system call only requires listing
+the file descriptors of interest, while :c:func:`!select` builds a bitmap, turns
 on bits for the fds of interest, and then afterward the whole bitmap has to be
-linearly scanned again. :c:func:`select` is O(highest file descriptor), while
-:c:func:`poll` is O(number of file descriptors).
+linearly scanned again. :c:func:`!select` is O(highest file descriptor), while
+:c:func:`!poll` is O(number of file descriptors).
 
 
 .. method:: poll.register(fd[, eventmask])

Doc/library/select.rst

@@ -562,7 +562,7 @@ The :mod:`signal` module defines the following functions:
 
    Note that installing a signal handler with :func:`signal` will reset the
    restart behaviour to interruptible by implicitly calling
-   :c:func:`siginterrupt` with a true *flag* value for the given signal.
+   :c:func:`!siginterrupt` with a true *flag* value for the given signal.
 
 
 .. function:: signal(signalnum, handler)

Doc/library/signal.rst

@@ -56,7 +56,6 @@ Doc/glossary.rst
 Doc/howto/curses.rst
 Doc/howto/descriptor.rst
 Doc/howto/enum.rst
-Doc/howto/instrumentation.rst
 Doc/howto/isolating-extensions.rst
 Doc/howto/logging-cookbook.rst
 Doc/howto/logging.rst

Doc/tools/.nitignore

@@ -138,16 +138,25 @@ and uses the ``j`` or ``J`` suffix to indicate the imaginary part
 
 .. _tut-strings:
 
-Strings
--------
+Text
+----
 
-Besides numbers, Python can also manipulate strings, which can be expressed
-in several ways.  They can be enclosed in single quotes (``'...'``) or
-double quotes (``"..."``) with the same result [#]_.  ``\`` can be used
-to escape quotes::
+Python can manipulate text (represented by type :class:`str`, so-called
+"strings") as well as numbers.  This includes characters "``!``", words
+"``rabbit``", names "``Paris``", sentences "``Got your back.``", etc.
+"``Yay! :)``". They can be enclosed in single quotes (``'...'``) or double
+quotes (``"..."``) with the same result [#]_.
 
    >>> 'spam eggs'  # single quotes
    'spam eggs'
+   >>> "Paris rabbit got your back :)! Yay!"  # double quotes
+   'Paris rabbit got your back :)! Yay!'
+   >>> '1975'  # digits and numerals enclosed in quotes are also strings
+   '1975'
+
+To quote a quote, we need to "escape" it, by preceding it with ``\``.
+Alternatively, we can use the other type of quotation marks::
+
    >>> 'doesn\'t'  # use \' to escape the single quote...
    "doesn't"
    >>> "doesn't"  # ...or use double quotes instead
@@ -159,23 +168,14 @@ to escape quotes::
    >>> '"Isn\'t," they said.'
    '"Isn\'t," they said.'
 
-In the interactive interpreter, the output string is enclosed in quotes and
-special characters are escaped with backslashes.  While this might sometimes
-look different from the input (the enclosing quotes could change), the two
-strings are equivalent.  The string is enclosed in double quotes if
-the string contains a single quote and no double quotes, otherwise it is
-enclosed in single quotes.  The :func:`print` function produces a more
-readable output, by omitting the enclosing quotes and by printing escaped
-and special characters::
+In the Python shell, the string definition and output string can look
+different.  The :func:`print` function produces a more readable output, by
+omitting the enclosing quotes and by printing escaped and special characters::
 
-   >>> '"Isn\'t," they said.'
-   '"Isn\'t," they said.'
-   >>> print('"Isn\'t," they said.')
-   "Isn't," they said.
    >>> s = 'First line.\nSecond line.'  # \n means newline
-   >>> s  # without print(), \n is included in the output
+   >>> s  # without print(), special characters are included in the string
    'First line.\nSecond line.'
-   >>> print(s)  # with print(), \n produces a new line
+   >>> print(s)  # with print(), special characters are interpreted, so \n produces new line
    First line.
    Second line.
 

Doc/tutorial/introduction.rst

@@ -2289,7 +2289,7 @@ changes, or look through the Subversion logs for all the details.
   (Contributed by Raymond Hettinger; :issue:`1861`.)
 
 * The :mod:`select` module now has wrapper functions
-  for the Linux :c:func:`epoll` and BSD :c:func:`kqueue` system calls.
+  for the Linux :c:func:`!epoll` and BSD :c:func:`!kqueue` system calls.
   :meth:`modify` method was added to the existing :class:`poll`
   objects; ``pollobj.modify(fd, eventmask)`` takes a file descriptor
   or file object and an event mask, modifying the recorded event mask
@@ -2328,7 +2328,7 @@ changes, or look through the Subversion logs for all the details.
   one for reading and one for writing.  The writable descriptor
   will be passed to :func:`set_wakeup_fd`, and the readable descriptor
   will be added to the list of descriptors monitored by the event loop via
-  :c:func:`select` or :c:func:`poll`.
+  :c:func:`!select` or :c:func:`!poll`.
   On receiving a signal, a byte will be written and the main event loop
   will be woken up, avoiding the need to poll.
 
@@ -2982,7 +2982,7 @@ Changes to Python's build process and to the C API include:
 
 * Python now must be compiled with C89 compilers (after 19
   years!).  This means that the Python source tree has dropped its
-  own implementations of :c:func:`memmove` and :c:func:`strerror`, which
+  own implementations of :c:func:`!memmove` and :c:func:`!strerror`, which
   are in the C89 standard library.
 
 * Python 2.6 can be built with Microsoft Visual Studio 2008 (version

Doc/whatsnew/2.6.rst

@@ -355,7 +355,7 @@ added as a more powerful replacement for the
 This means Python now supports three different modules for parsing
 command-line arguments: :mod:`getopt`, :mod:`optparse`, and
 :mod:`argparse`.  The :mod:`getopt` module closely resembles the C
-library's :c:func:`getopt` function, so it remains useful if you're writing a
+library's :c:func:`!getopt` function, so it remains useful if you're writing a
 Python prototype that will eventually be rewritten in C.
 :mod:`optparse` becomes redundant, but there are no plans to remove it
 because there are many scripts still using it, and there's no

Doc/whatsnew/2.7.rst

@@ -83,7 +83,9 @@ Important deprecations, removals or restrictions:
 
 * :pep:`623`: Remove wstr from Unicode
 
-* :pep:`632`: Remove the ``distutils`` package
+* :pep:`632`: Remove the ``distutils`` package. See
+  `the migration guide <https://peps.python.org/pep-0632/#migration-advice>`_
+  for advice on its replacement.
 
 Improved Error Messages
 =======================