Improve unification of conditional expressions when the left branch has an empty list/set/dict.

Fix #1094.

Author: Guido van Rossum

mypy/checkexpr.py

@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@
 from mypy import messages
 from mypy.infer import infer_type_arguments, infer_function_type_arguments
 from mypy import join
-from mypy.subtypes import is_subtype
+from mypy.subtypes import is_subtype, is_equivalent
 from mypy import applytype
 from mypy import erasetype
 from mypy.checkmember import analyze_member_access, type_object_type
@@ -1403,6 +1403,7 @@ def check_for_comp(self, e: Union[GeneratorExpr, DictionaryComprehension]) -> No
     def visit_conditional_expr(self, e: ConditionalExpr) -> Type:
         cond_type = self.accept(e.cond)
         self.check_not_void(cond_type, e)
+        ctx = self.chk.type_context[-1]
 
         # Gain type information from isinstance if it is there
         # but only for the current expression
@@ -1411,26 +1412,44 @@ def visit_conditional_expr(self, e: ConditionalExpr) -> Type:
             self.chk.type_map,
             self.chk.typing_mode_weak())
 
-        self.chk.binder.push_frame()
-
-        if if_map:
-            for var, type in if_map.items():
-                self.chk.binder.push(var, type)
-
-        if_type = self.accept(e.if_expr)
-
-        self.chk.binder.pop_frame()
-        self.chk.binder.push_frame()
-
-        if else_map:
-            for var, type in else_map.items():
-                self.chk.binder.push(var, type)
+        with self.chk.binder:
+            if if_map:
+                for var, type in if_map.items():
+                    self.chk.binder.push(var, type)
+            if_type = self.accept(e.if_expr, context=ctx)
+
+        if has_unfinished_types(if_type):
+            # Analyze the right branch disregarding the left branch.
+            with self.chk.binder:
+                if else_map:
+                    for var, type in else_map.items():
+                        self.chk.binder.push(var, type)
+                else_type = self.accept(e.else_expr, context=ctx)
+
+            # If it would make a difference, re-analyze the left
+            # branch using the right branch's type as context.
+            if ctx is None or not is_equivalent(else_type, ctx):
+                # TODO: If it's possible that the previous analysis of
+                # the left branch produced errors that are avoided
+                # using this context, suppress those errors.
+                with self.chk.binder:
+                    if if_map:
+                        for var, type in if_map.items():
+                            self.chk.binder.push(var, type)
+                    if_type = self.accept(e.if_expr, context=else_type)
 
-        else_type = self.accept(e.else_expr, context=if_type)
+        else:
+            # Analyze the right branch in the context of the left
+            # branch's type.
+            with self.chk.binder:
+                if else_map:
+                    for var, type in else_map.items():
+                        self.chk.binder.push(var, type)
+                else_type = self.accept(e.else_expr, context=if_type)
 
-        self.chk.binder.pop_frame()
+        res = join.join_types(if_type, else_type)
 
-        return join.join_types(if_type, else_type)
+        return res
 
     def visit_backquote_expr(self, e: BackquoteExpr) -> Type:
         self.accept(e.expr)
@@ -1502,6 +1521,19 @@ def not_ready_callback(self, name: str, context: Context) -> None:
         self.chk.handle_cannot_determine_type(name, context)
 
 
+# TODO: What's a good name for this function?
+def has_unfinished_types(t: Type) -> bool:
+    """Check whether t has type variables replaced with 'None'.
+
+    This can happen when `[]` is evaluated without sufficient context.
+    """
+    if isinstance(t, NoneTyp):
+        return True
+    if isinstance(t, Instance):
+        return any(has_unfinished_types(arg) for arg in t.args)
+    return False
+
+
 def map_actuals_to_formals(caller_kinds: List[int],
                            caller_names: List[str],
                            callee_kinds: List[int],

mypy/test/data/check-inference.test

@@ -1639,3 +1639,60 @@ a1 = D1() if f() else D2()
 a1.foo1()
 a2 = D2() if f() else D1()
 a2.foo2()
+
+[case testUnificationEmptyListLeft]
+def f(): pass
+a = [] if f() else [0]
+a.append(0)
+[builtins fixtures/list.py]
+
+[case testUnificationEmptyListRight]
+def f(): pass
+a = [0] if f() else []
+a.append(0)
+[builtins fixtures/list.py]
+
+[case testUnificationEmptyListLeftInContext]
+from typing import List
+def f(): pass
+a = [] if f() else [0] # type: List[int]
+a.append(0)
+[builtins fixtures/list.py]
+
+[case testUnificationEmptyListRightInContext]
+# TODO Find an example that really needs the context
+from typing import List
+def f(): pass
+a = [0] if f() else [] # type: List[int]
+a.append(0)
+[builtins fixtures/list.py]
+
+[case testUnificationEmptySetLeft]
+def f(): pass
+a = set() if f() else {0}
+a.add(0)
+[builtins fixtures/set.py]
+
+[case testUnificationEmptyDictLeft]
+def f(): pass
+a = {} if f() else {0: 0}
+a.update({0: 0})
+[builtins fixtures/dict.py]
+
+[case testUnificationEmptyDictRight]
+def f(): pass
+a = {0: 0} if f() else {}
+a.update({0: 0})
+[builtins fixtures/dict.py]
+
+[case testUnificationDictWithEmptyListLeft]
+def f(): pass
+a = {0: []} if f() else {0: [0]}
+a.update({0: [0]})
+[builtins fixtures/dict.py]
+
+[case testUnificationDictWithEmptyListRight]
+def f(): pass
+a = {0: [0]} if f() else {0: []}
+a.update({0: [0]})
+[builtins fixtures/dict.py]