diff --git a/extension/android/executorch_android/src/androidTest/java/org/pytorch/executorch/ModuleInstrumentationTest.java b/extension/android/executorch_android/src/androidTest/java/org/pytorch/executorch/ModuleInstrumentationTest.java
index a25c0bf6343..f71351ae6ae 100644
--- a/extension/android/executorch_android/src/androidTest/java/org/pytorch/executorch/ModuleInstrumentationTest.java
+++ b/extension/android/executorch_android/src/androidTest/java/org/pytorch/executorch/ModuleInstrumentationTest.java
@@ -25,6 +25,8 @@
 import java.io.InputStream;
 import java.net.URI;
 import java.net.URISyntaxException;
+import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;
+import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicInteger;
 import java.io.IOException;
 import java.io.File;
 import java.io.FileOutputStream;
@@ -42,6 +44,7 @@ public class ModuleInstrumentationTest {
     private static String FORWARD_METHOD = "forward";
     private static String NONE_METHOD = "none";
     private static int OK = 0x00;
+    private static int INVALID_STATE = 0x2;
     private static int INVALID_ARGUMENT = 0x12;
     private static int ACCESS_FAILED = 0x22;
 
@@ -124,4 +127,63 @@ public void testNonPteFile() throws IOException{
         int loadMethod = module.loadMethod(FORWARD_METHOD);
         assertEquals(loadMethod, INVALID_ARGUMENT);
     }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testLoadOnDestroyedModule() throws IOException{
+        Module module = Module.load(getTestFilePath(TEST_FILE_NAME));
+
+        module.destroy();
+
+        int loadMethod = module.loadMethod(FORWARD_METHOD);
+        assertEquals(loadMethod, INVALID_STATE);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testForwardOnDestroyedModule() throws IOException{
+        Module module = Module.load(getTestFilePath(TEST_FILE_NAME));
+
+        int loadMethod = module.loadMethod(FORWARD_METHOD);
+        assertEquals(loadMethod, OK);
+
+        module.destroy();
+        
+        EValue[] results = module.forward();
+        assertEquals(0, results.length);
+    }
+    
+    @Test
+    public void testForwardFromMultipleThreads() throws InterruptedException, IOException {
+        Module module = Module.load(getTestFilePath(TEST_FILE_NAME));
+
+        int numThreads = 100;
+        CountDownLatch latch = new CountDownLatch(numThreads);
+        AtomicInteger completed = new AtomicInteger(0);
+
+        Runnable runnable = new Runnable() {
+            @Override
+            public void run() {
+                try {
+                    latch.countDown();
+                    latch.await(5000, java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
+                    EValue[] results = module.forward();
+                    assertTrue(results[0].isTensor());
+                    completed.incrementAndGet();
+                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
+        
+                }
+            }
+        };
+
+        Thread[] threads = new Thread[numThreads];
+        for (int i = 0; i < numThreads; i++) {
+            threads[i] = new Thread(runnable);
+            threads[i].start();
+        }
+
+        for (int i = 0; i < numThreads; i++) {
+            threads[i].join();
+        }
+
+        assertEquals(numThreads, completed.get());
+    }
 }
diff --git a/extension/android/executorch_android/src/main/java/org/pytorch/executorch/Module.java b/extension/android/executorch_android/src/main/java/org/pytorch/executorch/Module.java
index 879b88c5f2f..f3f543dc2a8 100644
--- a/extension/android/executorch_android/src/main/java/org/pytorch/executorch/Module.java
+++ b/extension/android/executorch_android/src/main/java/org/pytorch/executorch/Module.java
@@ -8,8 +8,11 @@
 
 package org.pytorch.executorch;
 
+import android.util.Log;
 import com.facebook.soloader.nativeloader.NativeLoader;
 import com.facebook.soloader.nativeloader.SystemDelegate;
+import java.util.concurrent.locks.Lock;
+import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock;
 import org.pytorch.executorch.annotations.Experimental;
 
 /**
@@ -35,6 +38,9 @@ public class Module {
   /** Reference to the NativePeer object of this module. */
   private NativePeer mNativePeer;
 
+  /** Lock protecting the non-thread safe methods in NativePeer. */
+  private Lock mLock = new ReentrantLock();
+
   /**
    * Loads a serialized ExecuTorch module from the specified path on the disk.
    *
@@ -72,7 +78,16 @@ public static Module load(final String modelPath) {
    * @return return value from the 'forward' method.
    */
   public EValue[] forward(EValue... inputs) {
-    return mNativePeer.forward(inputs);
+    try {
+      mLock.lock();
+      if (mNativePeer == null) {
+        Log.e("ExecuTorch", "Attempt to use a destroyed module");
+        return new EValue[0];
+      }
+      return mNativePeer.forward(inputs);
+    } finally {
+      mLock.unlock();
+    }
   }
 
   /**
@@ -83,7 +98,16 @@ public EValue[] forward(EValue... inputs) {
    * @return return value from the method.
    */
   public EValue[] execute(String methodName, EValue... inputs) {
-    return mNativePeer.execute(methodName, inputs);
+    try {
+      mLock.lock();
+      if (mNativePeer == null) {
+        Log.e("ExecuTorch", "Attempt to use a destroyed module");
+        return new EValue[0];
+      }
+      return mNativePeer.execute(methodName, inputs);
+    } finally {
+      mLock.unlock();
+    }
   }
 
   /**
@@ -96,7 +120,16 @@ public EValue[] execute(String methodName, EValue... inputs) {
    * @return the Error code if there was an error loading the method
    */
   public int loadMethod(String methodName) {
-    return mNativePeer.loadMethod(methodName);
+    try {
+      mLock.lock();
+      if (mNativePeer == null) {
+        Log.e("ExecuTorch", "Attempt to use a destroyed module");
+        return 0x2; // InvalidState
+      }
+      return mNativePeer.loadMethod(methodName);
+    } finally {
+      mLock.unlock();
+    }
   }
 
   /** Retrieve the in-memory log buffer, containing the most recent ExecuTorch log entries. */
@@ -111,6 +144,19 @@ public String[] readLogBuffer() {
    * more quickly. See {@link com.facebook.jni.HybridData#resetNative}.
    */
   public void destroy() {
-    mNativePeer.resetNative();
+    if (mLock.tryLock()) {
+      try {
+        mNativePeer.resetNative();
+      } finally {
+        mNativePeer = null;
+        mLock.unlock();
+      }
+    } else {
+      mNativePeer = null;
+      Log.w(
+          "ExecuTorch",
+          "Destroy was called while the module was in use. Resources will not be immediately"
+              + " released.");
+    }
   }
 }