Auto merge of rust-lang#95101 - Dylan-DPC:rollup-r1f1v9t, r=Dylan-DPC

Rollup of 6 pull requests

Successful merges:

 - rust-lang#92519 (Use verbatim paths for `process::Command` if necessary)
 - rust-lang#92612 (Update stdlib for the l4re target)
 - rust-lang#92663 (Implement `Write for Cursor<[u8; N]>`, plus `A: Allocator` cursor support)
 - rust-lang#93263 (Consistently present absent stdio handles on Windows as NULL handles.)
 - rust-lang#93692 (keyword_docs: document use of `in` with `pub` keyword)
 - rust-lang#94984 (add `CStr` method that accepts any slice containing a nul-terminated string)

Failed merges:

r? `@ghost`
`@rustbot` modify labels: rollup

Author: bors

library/std/src/ffi/c_str.rs

@@ -328,6 +328,27 @@ impl FromVecWithNulError {
     }
 }
 
+/// An error indicating that no nul byte was present.
+///
+/// A slice used to create a [`CStr`] must contain a nul byte somewhere
+/// within the slice.
+///
+/// This error is created by the [`CStr::from_bytes_until_nul`] method.
+///
+#[derive(Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Debug)]
+#[unstable(feature = "cstr_from_bytes_until_nul", issue = "95027")]
+pub struct FromBytesUntilNulError(());
+
+#[unstable(feature = "cstr_from_bytes_until_nul", issue = "95027")]
+impl Error for FromBytesUntilNulError {}
+
+#[unstable(feature = "cstr_from_bytes_until_nul", issue = "95027")]
+impl fmt::Display for FromBytesUntilNulError {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
+        write!(f, "data provided does not contain a nul")
+    }
+}
+
 /// An error indicating invalid UTF-8 when converting a [`CString`] into a [`String`].
 ///
 /// `CString` is just a wrapper over a buffer of bytes with a nul terminator;
@@ -1239,12 +1260,60 @@ impl CStr {
         }
     }
 
+    /// Creates a C string wrapper from a byte slice.
+    ///
+    /// This method will create a `CStr` from any byte slice that contains at
+    /// least one nul byte. The caller does not need to know or specify where
+    /// the nul byte is located.
+    ///
+    /// If the first byte is a nul character, this method will return an
+    /// empty `CStr`. If multiple nul characters are present, the `CStr` will
+    /// end at the first one.
+    ///
+    /// If the slice only has a single nul byte at the end, this method is
+    /// equivalent to [`CStr::from_bytes_with_nul`].
+    ///
+    /// # Examples
+    /// ```
+    /// #![feature(cstr_from_bytes_until_nul)]
+    ///
+    /// use std::ffi::CStr;
+    ///
+    /// let mut buffer = [0u8; 16];
+    /// unsafe {
+    ///     // Here we might call an unsafe C function that writes a string
+    ///     // into the buffer.
+    ///     let buf_ptr = buffer.as_mut_ptr();
+    ///     buf_ptr.write_bytes(b'A', 8);
+    /// }
+    /// // Attempt to extract a C nul-terminated string from the buffer.
+    /// let c_str = CStr::from_bytes_until_nul(&buffer[..]).unwrap();
+    /// assert_eq!(c_str.to_str().unwrap(), "AAAAAAAA");
+    /// ```
+    ///
+    #[unstable(feature = "cstr_from_bytes_until_nul", issue = "95027")]
+    pub fn from_bytes_until_nul(bytes: &[u8]) -> Result<&CStr, FromBytesUntilNulError> {
+        let nul_pos = memchr::memchr(0, bytes);
+        match nul_pos {
+            Some(nul_pos) => {
+                // SAFETY: We know there is a nul byte at nul_pos, so this slice
+                // (ending at the nul byte) is a well-formed C string.
+                let subslice = &bytes[..nul_pos + 1];
+                Ok(unsafe { CStr::from_bytes_with_nul_unchecked(subslice) })
+            }
+            None => Err(FromBytesUntilNulError(())),
+        }
+    }
+
     /// Creates a C string wrapper from a byte slice.
     ///
     /// This function will cast the provided `bytes` to a `CStr`
     /// wrapper after ensuring that the byte slice is nul-terminated
     /// and does not contain any interior nul bytes.
     ///
+    /// If the nul byte may not be at the end,
+    /// [`CStr::from_bytes_until_nul`] can be used instead.
+    ///
     /// # Examples
     ///
     /// ```

library/std/src/ffi/c_str/tests.rs

@@ -117,6 +117,43 @@ fn from_bytes_with_nul_interior() {
     assert!(cstr.is_err());
 }
 
+#[test]
+fn cstr_from_bytes_until_nul() {
+    // Test an empty slice. This should fail because it
+    // does not contain a nul byte.
+    let b = b"";
+    assert_eq!(CStr::from_bytes_until_nul(&b[..]), Err(FromBytesUntilNulError(())));
+
+    // Test a non-empty slice, that does not contain a nul byte.
+    let b = b"hello";
+    assert_eq!(CStr::from_bytes_until_nul(&b[..]), Err(FromBytesUntilNulError(())));
+
+    // Test an empty nul-terminated string
+    let b = b"\0";
+    let r = CStr::from_bytes_until_nul(&b[..]).unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(r.to_bytes(), b"");
+
+    // Test a slice with the nul byte in the middle
+    let b = b"hello\0world!";
+    let r = CStr::from_bytes_until_nul(&b[..]).unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(r.to_bytes(), b"hello");
+
+    // Test a slice with the nul byte at the end
+    let b = b"hello\0";
+    let r = CStr::from_bytes_until_nul(&b[..]).unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(r.to_bytes(), b"hello");
+
+    // Test a slice with two nul bytes at the end
+    let b = b"hello\0\0";
+    let r = CStr::from_bytes_until_nul(&b[..]).unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(r.to_bytes(), b"hello");
+
+    // Test a slice containing lots of nul bytes
+    let b = b"\0\0\0\0";
+    let r = CStr::from_bytes_until_nul(&b[..]).unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(r.to_bytes(), b"");
+}
+
 #[test]
 fn into_boxed() {
     let orig: &[u8] = b"Hello, world!\0";

library/std/src/io/cursor.rs

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ mod tests;
 
 use crate::io::prelude::*;
 
+use crate::alloc::Allocator;
 use crate::cmp;
 use crate::io::{self, ErrorKind, IoSlice, IoSliceMut, ReadBuf, SeekFrom};
 
@@ -398,7 +399,10 @@ fn slice_write_vectored(
 }
 
 // Resizing write implementation
-fn vec_write(pos_mut: &mut u64, vec: &mut Vec<u8>, buf: &[u8]) -> io::Result<usize> {
+fn vec_write<A>(pos_mut: &mut u64, vec: &mut Vec<u8, A>, buf: &[u8]) -> io::Result<usize>
+where
+    A: Allocator,
+{
     let pos: usize = (*pos_mut).try_into().map_err(|_| {
         io::const_io_error!(
             ErrorKind::InvalidInput,
@@ -426,11 +430,14 @@ fn vec_write(pos_mut: &mut u64, vec: &mut Vec<u8>, buf: &[u8]) -> io::Result<usi
     Ok(buf.len())
 }
 
-fn vec_write_vectored(
+fn vec_write_vectored<A>(
     pos_mut: &mut u64,
-    vec: &mut Vec<u8>,
+    vec: &mut Vec<u8, A>,
     bufs: &[IoSlice<'_>],
-) -> io::Result<usize> {
+) -> io::Result<usize>
+where
+    A: Allocator,
+{
     let mut nwritten = 0;
     for buf in bufs {
         nwritten += vec_write(pos_mut, vec, buf)?;
@@ -462,7 +469,10 @@ impl Write for Cursor<&mut [u8]> {
 }
 
 #[stable(feature = "cursor_mut_vec", since = "1.25.0")]
-impl Write for Cursor<&mut Vec<u8>> {
+impl<A> Write for Cursor<&mut Vec<u8, A>>
+where
+    A: Allocator,
+{
     fn write(&mut self, buf: &[u8]) -> io::Result<usize> {
         vec_write(&mut self.pos, self.inner, buf)
     }
@@ -483,7 +493,10 @@ impl Write for Cursor<&mut Vec<u8>> {
 }
 
 #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
-impl Write for Cursor<Vec<u8>> {
+impl<A> Write for Cursor<Vec<u8, A>>
+where
+    A: Allocator,
+{
     fn write(&mut self, buf: &[u8]) -> io::Result<usize> {
         vec_write(&mut self.pos, &mut self.inner, buf)
     }
@@ -504,7 +517,33 @@ impl Write for Cursor<Vec<u8>> {
 }
 
 #[stable(feature = "cursor_box_slice", since = "1.5.0")]
-impl Write for Cursor<Box<[u8]>> {
+impl<A> Write for Cursor<Box<[u8], A>>
+where
+    A: Allocator,
+{
+    #[inline]
+    fn write(&mut self, buf: &[u8]) -> io::Result<usize> {
+        slice_write(&mut self.pos, &mut self.inner, buf)
+    }
+
+    #[inline]
+    fn write_vectored(&mut self, bufs: &[IoSlice<'_>]) -> io::Result<usize> {
+        slice_write_vectored(&mut self.pos, &mut self.inner, bufs)
+    }
+
+    #[inline]
+    fn is_write_vectored(&self) -> bool {
+        true
+    }
+
+    #[inline]
+    fn flush(&mut self) -> io::Result<()> {
+        Ok(())
+    }
+}
+
+#[stable(feature = "cursor_array", since = "1.61.0")]
+impl<const N: usize> Write for Cursor<[u8; N]> {
     #[inline]
     fn write(&mut self, buf: &[u8]) -> io::Result<usize> {
         slice_write(&mut self.pos, &mut self.inner, buf)

library/std/src/io/cursor/tests.rs

@@ -50,9 +50,11 @@ fn test_mem_mut_writer() {
     assert_eq!(&writer.get_ref()[..], b);
 }
 
-#[test]
-fn test_box_slice_writer() {
-    let mut writer = Cursor::new(vec![0u8; 9].into_boxed_slice());
+fn test_slice_writer<T>(writer: &mut Cursor<T>)
+where
+    T: AsRef<[u8]>,
+    Cursor<T>: Write,
+{
     assert_eq!(writer.position(), 0);
     assert_eq!(writer.write(&[0]).unwrap(), 1);
     assert_eq!(writer.position(), 1);
@@ -65,12 +67,14 @@ fn test_box_slice_writer() {
     assert_eq!(writer.write(&[8, 9]).unwrap(), 1);
     assert_eq!(writer.write(&[10]).unwrap(), 0);
     let b: &[_] = &[0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8];
-    assert_eq!(&**writer.get_ref(), b);
+    assert_eq!(writer.get_ref().as_ref(), b);
 }
 
-#[test]
-fn test_box_slice_writer_vectored() {
-    let mut writer = Cursor::new(vec![0u8; 9].into_boxed_slice());
+fn test_slice_writer_vectored<T>(writer: &mut Cursor<T>)
+where
+    T: AsRef<[u8]>,
+    Cursor<T>: Write,
+{
     assert_eq!(writer.position(), 0);
     assert_eq!(writer.write_vectored(&[IoSlice::new(&[0])]).unwrap(), 1);
     assert_eq!(writer.position(), 1);
@@ -85,53 +89,45 @@ fn test_box_slice_writer_vectored() {
     assert_eq!(writer.write_vectored(&[IoSlice::new(&[8, 9])]).unwrap(), 1);
     assert_eq!(writer.write_vectored(&[IoSlice::new(&[10])]).unwrap(), 0);
     let b: &[_] = &[0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8];
-    assert_eq!(&**writer.get_ref(), b);
+    assert_eq!(writer.get_ref().as_ref(), b);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_box_slice_writer() {
+    let mut writer = Cursor::new(vec![0u8; 9].into_boxed_slice());
+    test_slice_writer(&mut writer);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_box_slice_writer_vectored() {
+    let mut writer = Cursor::new(vec![0u8; 9].into_boxed_slice());
+    test_slice_writer_vectored(&mut writer);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_array_writer() {
+    let mut writer = Cursor::new([0u8; 9]);
+    test_slice_writer(&mut writer);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_array_writer_vectored() {
+    let mut writer = Cursor::new([0u8; 9]);
+    test_slice_writer_vectored(&mut writer);
 }
 
 #[test]
 fn test_buf_writer() {
     let mut buf = [0 as u8; 9];
-    {
-        let mut writer = Cursor::new(&mut buf[..]);
-        assert_eq!(writer.position(), 0);
-        assert_eq!(writer.write(&[0]).unwrap(), 1);
-        assert_eq!(writer.position(), 1);
-        assert_eq!(writer.write(&[1, 2, 3]).unwrap(), 3);
-        assert_eq!(writer.write(&[4, 5, 6, 7]).unwrap(), 4);
-        assert_eq!(writer.position(), 8);
-        assert_eq!(writer.write(&[]).unwrap(), 0);
-        assert_eq!(writer.position(), 8);
-
-        assert_eq!(writer.write(&[8, 9]).unwrap(), 1);
-        assert_eq!(writer.write(&[10]).unwrap(), 0);
-    }
-    let b: &[_] = &[0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8];
-    assert_eq!(buf, b);
+    let mut writer = Cursor::new(&mut buf[..]);
+    test_slice_writer(&mut writer);
 }
 
 #[test]
 fn test_buf_writer_vectored() {
     let mut buf = [0 as u8; 9];
-    {
-        let mut writer = Cursor::new(&mut buf[..]);
-        assert_eq!(writer.position(), 0);
-        assert_eq!(writer.write_vectored(&[IoSlice::new(&[0])]).unwrap(), 1);
-        assert_eq!(writer.position(), 1);
-        assert_eq!(
-            writer
-                .write_vectored(&[IoSlice::new(&[1, 2, 3]), IoSlice::new(&[4, 5, 6, 7])],)
-                .unwrap(),
-            7,
-        );
-        assert_eq!(writer.position(), 8);
-        assert_eq!(writer.write_vectored(&[]).unwrap(), 0);
-        assert_eq!(writer.position(), 8);
-
-        assert_eq!(writer.write_vectored(&[IoSlice::new(&[8, 9])]).unwrap(), 1);
-        assert_eq!(writer.write_vectored(&[IoSlice::new(&[10])]).unwrap(), 0);
-    }
-    let b: &[_] = &[0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8];
-    assert_eq!(buf, b);
+    let mut writer = Cursor::new(&mut buf[..]);
+    test_slice_writer_vectored(&mut writer);
 }
 
 #[test]