diff --git a/compiler/rustc_codegen_cranelift/build_system/main.rs b/compiler/rustc_codegen_cranelift/build_system/main.rs
index 798ae9dbd5006..e8cf486e966ed 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_codegen_cranelift/build_system/main.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_codegen_cranelift/build_system/main.rs
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ enum CodegenBackend {
 }
 
 fn main() {
-    if env::var("RUST_BACKTRACE").is_err() {
+    if env::var_os("RUST_BACKTRACE").is_none() {
         env::set_var("RUST_BACKTRACE", "1");
     }
     env::set_var("CG_CLIF_DISABLE_INCR_CACHE", "1");
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_codegen_ssa/src/back/rpath.rs b/compiler/rustc_codegen_ssa/src/back/rpath.rs
index ebf04e7a399bc..60346228625fa 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_codegen_ssa/src/back/rpath.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_codegen_ssa/src/back/rpath.rs
@@ -1,8 +1,7 @@
 use pathdiff::diff_paths;
 use rustc_data_structures::fx::FxHashSet;
-use std::env;
+use rustc_fs_util::try_canonicalize;
 use std::ffi::OsString;
-use std::fs;
 use std::path::{Path, PathBuf};
 
 pub struct RPathConfig<'a> {
@@ -82,12 +81,11 @@ fn get_rpath_relative_to_output(config: &mut RPathConfig<'_>, lib: &Path) -> OsS
     // Mac doesn't appear to support $ORIGIN
     let prefix = if config.is_like_osx { "@loader_path" } else { "$ORIGIN" };
 
-    let cwd = env::current_dir().unwrap();
-    let mut lib = fs::canonicalize(&cwd.join(lib)).unwrap_or_else(|_| cwd.join(lib));
-    lib.pop(); // strip filename
-    let mut output = cwd.join(&config.out_filename);
-    output.pop(); // strip filename
-    let output = fs::canonicalize(&output).unwrap_or(output);
+    // Strip filenames
+    let lib = lib.parent().unwrap();
+    let output = config.out_filename.parent().unwrap();
+    let lib = try_canonicalize(lib).unwrap();
+    let output = try_canonicalize(output).unwrap();
     let relative = path_relative_from(&lib, &output)
         .unwrap_or_else(|| panic!("couldn't create relative path from {output:?} to {lib:?}"));
 
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_driver_impl/src/lib.rs b/compiler/rustc_driver_impl/src/lib.rs
index 65c7aed3f1078..1b3f39e69e153 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_driver_impl/src/lib.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_driver_impl/src/lib.rs
@@ -1287,17 +1287,21 @@ pub fn ice_path() -> &'static Option<PathBuf> {
         if !rustc_feature::UnstableFeatures::from_environment(None).is_nightly_build() {
             return None;
         }
-        if let Ok("0") = std::env::var("RUST_BACKTRACE").as_deref() {
+        if let Some(s) = std::env::var_os("RUST_BACKTRACE") && s == "0" {
             return None;
         }
-        let mut path = match std::env::var("RUSTC_ICE").as_deref() {
-            // Explicitly opting out of writing ICEs to disk.
-            Ok("0") => return None,
-            Ok(s) => PathBuf::from(s),
-            Err(_) => std::env::current_dir().unwrap_or_default(),
+        let mut path = match std::env::var_os("RUSTC_ICE") {
+            Some(s) => {
+                if s == "0" {
+                    // Explicitly opting out of writing ICEs to disk.
+                    return None;
+                }
+                PathBuf::from(s)
+            }
+            None => std::env::current_dir().unwrap_or_default(),
         };
         let now: OffsetDateTime = SystemTime::now().into();
-        let file_now = now.format(&Rfc3339).unwrap_or(String::new());
+        let file_now = now.format(&Rfc3339).unwrap_or_default();
         let pid = std::process::id();
         path.push(format!("rustc-ice-{file_now}-{pid}.txt"));
         Some(path)
@@ -1322,7 +1326,7 @@ pub fn install_ice_hook(bug_report_url: &'static str, extra_info: fn(&Handler))
     // by the user. Compiler developers and other rustc users can
     // opt in to less-verbose backtraces by manually setting "RUST_BACKTRACE"
     // (e.g. `RUST_BACKTRACE=1`)
-    if std::env::var("RUST_BACKTRACE").is_err() {
+    if std::env::var_os("RUST_BACKTRACE").is_none() {
         std::env::set_var("RUST_BACKTRACE", "full");
     }
 
@@ -1411,12 +1415,11 @@ pub fn report_ice(info: &panic::PanicInfo<'_>, bug_report_url: &str, extra_info:
 
     static FIRST_PANIC: AtomicBool = AtomicBool::new(true);
 
-    let file = if let Some(path) = ice_path().as_ref() {
+    let file = if let Some(path) = ice_path() {
         // Create the ICE dump target file.
         match crate::fs::File::options().create(true).append(true).open(&path) {
             Ok(mut file) => {
-                handler
-                    .emit_note(session_diagnostics::IcePath { path: path.display().to_string() });
+                handler.emit_note(session_diagnostics::IcePath { path: path.clone() });
                 if FIRST_PANIC.swap(false, Ordering::SeqCst) {
                     let _ = write!(file, "\n\nrustc version: {version}\nplatform: {triple}");
                 }
@@ -1425,10 +1428,10 @@ pub fn report_ice(info: &panic::PanicInfo<'_>, bug_report_url: &str, extra_info:
             Err(err) => {
                 // The path ICE couldn't be written to disk, provide feedback to the user as to why.
                 handler.emit_warning(session_diagnostics::IcePathError {
-                    path: path.display().to_string(),
+                    path: path.clone(),
                     error: err.to_string(),
-                    env_var: std::env::var("RUSTC_ICE")
-                        .ok()
+                    env_var: std::env::var_os("RUSTC_ICE")
+                        .map(PathBuf::from)
                         .map(|env_var| session_diagnostics::IcePathErrorEnv { env_var }),
                 });
                 handler.emit_note(session_diagnostics::IceVersion { version, triple });
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_driver_impl/src/session_diagnostics.rs b/compiler/rustc_driver_impl/src/session_diagnostics.rs
index 5eb587c54d990..442989f8de83a 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_driver_impl/src/session_diagnostics.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_driver_impl/src/session_diagnostics.rs
@@ -52,13 +52,13 @@ pub(crate) struct IceVersion<'a> {
 #[derive(Diagnostic)]
 #[diag(driver_impl_ice_path)]
 pub(crate) struct IcePath {
-    pub path: String,
+    pub path: std::path::PathBuf,
 }
 
 #[derive(Diagnostic)]
 #[diag(driver_impl_ice_path_error)]
 pub(crate) struct IcePathError {
-    pub path: String,
+    pub path: std::path::PathBuf,
     pub error: String,
     #[subdiagnostic]
     pub env_var: Option<IcePathErrorEnv>,
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ pub(crate) struct IcePathError {
 #[derive(Subdiagnostic)]
 #[note(driver_impl_ice_path_error_env)]
 pub(crate) struct IcePathErrorEnv {
-    pub env_var: String,
+    pub env_var: std::path::PathBuf,
 }
 
 #[derive(Diagnostic)]
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_metadata/src/creader.rs b/compiler/rustc_metadata/src/creader.rs
index 69221475356d7..14bbe65d5f1fc 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_metadata/src/creader.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_metadata/src/creader.rs
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ use rustc_data_structures::fx::FxHashSet;
 use rustc_data_structures::svh::Svh;
 use rustc_data_structures::sync::{FreezeReadGuard, FreezeWriteGuard};
 use rustc_expand::base::SyntaxExtension;
+use rustc_fs_util::try_canonicalize;
 use rustc_hir::def_id::{CrateNum, LocalDefId, StableCrateId, StableCrateIdMap, LOCAL_CRATE};
 use rustc_hir::definitions::Definitions;
 use rustc_index::IndexVec;
@@ -31,7 +32,7 @@ use std::error::Error;
 use std::ops::Fn;
 use std::path::Path;
 use std::time::Duration;
-use std::{cmp, env, iter};
+use std::{cmp, iter};
 
 pub struct CStore {
     metadata_loader: Box<MetadataLoaderDyn>,
@@ -677,7 +678,7 @@ impl<'a, 'tcx> CrateLoader<'a, 'tcx> {
         stable_crate_id: StableCrateId,
     ) -> Result<&'static [ProcMacro], CrateError> {
         // Make sure the path contains a / or the linker will search for it.
-        let path = env::current_dir().unwrap().join(path);
+        let path = try_canonicalize(path).unwrap();
         let lib = load_dylib(&path, 5).map_err(|err| CrateError::DlOpen(err))?;
 
         let sym_name = self.sess.generate_proc_macro_decls_symbol(stable_crate_id);