Backport "Fail early & more clearly on shaded-broken classfiles" to 3.5.2 (#21464)

Backports #21262 to the 3.5.2 branch.

PR submitted by the release tooling.
[skip ci]

Author: WojciechMazur

compiler/src/dotty/tools/dotc/core/classfile/ClassfileParser.scala

@@ -1163,7 +1163,10 @@ class ClassfileParser(
         // attribute isn't, this classfile is a compilation artifact.
         return Some(NoEmbedded)
 
-      if (scan(tpnme.ScalaSignatureATTR) && scan(tpnme.RuntimeVisibleAnnotationATTR)) {
+      if (scan(tpnme.ScalaSignatureATTR)) {
+        if !scan(tpnme.RuntimeVisibleAnnotationATTR) then
+          report.error(em"No RuntimeVisibleAnnotations in classfile with ScalaSignature attribute: ${classRoot.fullName}")
+          return None
         val attrLen = in.nextInt
         val nAnnots = in.nextChar
         var i = 0