Add extension macro example

This commit introduces a new macro, `ProtocolDefaultImplMacro`, to provide default implementations for protocol methods. The macro automatically generates extension code blocks with the default implementations for any protocol it's attached to.

Author: Matejkob

Examples/Sources/MacroExamples/Implementation/Extension/DefaultFatalErrorImplementationMacro.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+//
+// This source file is part of the Swift.org open source project
+//
+// Copyright (c) 2014 - 2023 Apple Inc. and the Swift project authors
+// Licensed under Apache License v2.0 with Runtime Library Exception
+//
+// See https://swift.org/LICENSE.txt for license information
+// See https://swift.org/CONTRIBUTORS.txt for the list of Swift project authors
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+
+import SwiftSyntax
+import SwiftSyntaxMacros
+import SwiftSyntaxBuilder
+import SwiftDiagnostics
+
+/// Provides default `fatalError` implementations for protocol methods.
+///
+/// This macro generates extensions that add default `fatalError` implementations
+/// for each method in the protocol it is attached to.
+public enum DefaultFatalErrorImplementationMacro: ExtensionMacro {
+
+  /// Unique identifier for messages related to this macro.
+  private static let messageID = MessageID(domain: "MacroExamples", id: "ProtocolDefaultImplementation")
+
+  /// Generates extension for the protocol to which this macro is attached.
+  public static func expansion(
+    of node: AttributeSyntax,
+    attachedTo declaration: some DeclGroupSyntax,
+    providingExtensionsOf type: some TypeSyntaxProtocol,
+    conformingTo protocols: [TypeSyntax],
+    in context: some MacroExpansionContext
+  ) throws -> [ExtensionDeclSyntax] {
+
+    // Validate that the macro is being applied to a protocol declaration
+    guard let protocolDecl = declaration.as(ProtocolDeclSyntax.self) else {
+      throw SimpleDiagnosticMessage(
+        message: "Macro `defaultFatalErrorImplementation` can only be applied to a protocol",
+        diagnosticID: messageID,
+        severity: .error
+      )
+    }
+
+    // Extract all the methods from the protocol and assign default implementations
+    let methods = protocolDecl.memberBlock.members
+      .map(\.decl)
+      .compactMap { declaration -> FunctionDeclSyntax? in
+        guard var function = declaration.as(FunctionDeclSyntax.self) else {
+          return nil
+        }
+        function.body = CodeBlockSyntax {
+          ExprSyntax(#"fatalError("whoops 😅")"#)
+        }
+        return function
+      }
+
+    // Don't generate an extension if there are no methods
+    if methods.isEmpty {
+      return []
+    }
+
+    // Generate the extension containing the default implementations
+    let extensionDecl = ExtensionDeclSyntax(extendedType: type) {
+      for method in methods {
+        MemberBlockItemSyntax(decl: method)
+      }
+    }
+
+    return [extensionDecl]
+  }
+}

Examples/Sources/MacroExamples/Implementation/Plugin.swift

@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ struct MyPlugin: CompilerPlugin {
     CaseDetectionMacro.self,
     CodableKey.self,
     CustomCodable.self,
+    DefaultFatalErrorImplementationMacro.self,
     DictionaryStorageMacro.self,
     DictionaryStoragePropertyMacro.self,
     EquatableExtensionMacro.self,

Examples/Sources/MacroExamples/Interface/ExtensionMacros.swift

@@ -14,3 +14,42 @@
 
 @attached(extension, conformances: Equatable)
 public macro equatable() = #externalMacro(module: "MacroExamplesImplementation", type: "EquatableExtensionMacro")
+
+// MARK: - Default Fatal Error Implementation
+
+/// A macro that provides default `fatalError` implementations for protocol methods.
+///
+/// This macro generates Swift extensions for the attached protocol,
+/// adding a default `fatalError` implementation for each method defined within it.
+///
+/// ## Example usage:
+/// ```swift
+/// @defaultFatalErrorImplementation
+/// protocol MyProtocol {
+///   func someMethod()
+/// }
+/// ```
+///
+/// The generated code would look like:
+/// ```swift
+/// protocol MyProtocol {
+///   func someMethod()
+/// }
+///
+/// extension MyProtocol {
+///   func someMethod() {
+///     fatalError("whoops 😅")
+///   }
+/// }
+/// ```
+///
+/// ## Edge Cases
+/// - **No Methods in Protocol**: If the protocol does not contain any methods,
+///   the macro will not generate an empty extension.
+/// - **Incorrect Attachment**: If the macro is attached to a non-protocol declaration,
+///   it will produce an error diagnostic stating that it can only be applied to a protocol.
+@attached(extension, names: arbitrary)
+public macro defaultFatalErrorImplementation() = #externalMacro(
+  module: "MacroExamplesImplementation",
+  type: "DefaultFatalErrorImplementationMacro"
+)

Examples/Sources/MacroExamples/Playground/ExtensionMacrosPlayground.swift

@@ -12,6 +12,22 @@
 
 import MacroExamplesInterface
 
+// MARK: - Default Fatal Error Implementation
+
+@defaultFatalErrorImplementation
+protocol API {
+  func getItems() -> [String]
+  func removeItem(id: String)
+}
+
+struct MyAPI: API {}
+
+func runDefaultFatalErrorImplementationMacroPlayground() {
+  let myAPI = MyAPI()
+
+  print("Implementation of `API` protocol with default implementation: \(myAPI)")
+}
+
 // MARK: - Equatable Extension
 
 @equatable

Examples/Sources/MacroExamples/Playground/main.swift

@@ -32,6 +32,8 @@ runExpressionMacrosPlayground()
 
 // MARK: - Extension Macros
 
+runDefaultFatalErrorImplementationMacroPlayground()
+
 runEquatableExtensionMacroPlayground()
 
 // MARK: - Member Attribute Macros

Examples/Tests/MacroExamples/Implementation/Extension/DefaultFatalErrorImplementationMacroTests.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,84 @@
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+//
+// This source file is part of the Swift.org open source project
+//
+// Copyright (c) 2014 - 2023 Apple Inc. and the Swift project authors
+// Licensed under Apache License v2.0 with Runtime Library Exception
+//
+// See https://swift.org/LICENSE.txt for license information
+// See https://swift.org/CONTRIBUTORS.txt for the list of Swift project authors
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+
+import MacroExamplesImplementation
+import SwiftSyntaxMacros
+import SwiftSyntaxMacrosTestSupport
+import XCTest
+
+final class DefaultFatalErrorImplementationMacroTests: XCTestCase {
+  private let macros = ["defaultFatalErrorImplementation": DefaultFatalErrorImplementationMacro.self]
+
+  func testExpansionWhenAttachedToProtocolExpandsCorrectly() {
+    assertMacroExpansion(
+      """
+      @defaultFatalErrorImplementation
+      protocol MyProtocol {
+        func foo()
+        func bar() -> Int
+      }
+      """,
+      expandedSource: """
+        protocol MyProtocol {
+          func foo()
+          func bar() -> Int
+        }
+
+        extension MyProtocol {
+          func foo() {
+            fatalError("whoops 😅")
+          }
+          func bar() -> Int {
+            fatalError("whoops 😅")
+          }
+        }
+        """,
+      macros: macros,
+      indentationWidth: .spaces(2)
+    )
+  }
+
+  func testExpansionWhenNotAttachedToProtocolProducesDiagnostic() {
+    assertMacroExpansion(
+      """
+      @defaultFatalErrorImplementation
+      class MyClass {}
+      """,
+      expandedSource: """
+        class MyClass {}
+        """,
+      diagnostics: [
+        DiagnosticSpec(
+          message: "Macro `defaultFatalErrorImplementation` can only be applied to a protocol",
+          line: 1,
+          column: 1
+        )
+      ],
+      macros: macros,
+      indentationWidth: .spaces(2)
+    )
+  }
+
+  func testExpansionWhenAttachedToEmptyProtocolDoesNotAddExtension() {
+    assertMacroExpansion(
+      """
+      @defaultFatalErrorImplementation
+      protocol EmptyProtocol {}
+      """,
+      expandedSource: """
+        protocol EmptyProtocol {}
+        """,
+      macros: macros,
+      indentationWidth: .spaces(2)
+    )
+  }
+}