fix(VirtualUrlPlugin): set resourceData.context to avoid invalid fallback (#20390)

Author: xiaoxiaojx

.changeset/fix-virtual-url-plugin-context.md

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+"webpack": patch
+---
+
+Fix VirtualUrlPlugin to set resourceData.context for proper module resolution. Previously, when context was not set, it would fallback to the virtual scheme path (e.g., `virtual:routes`), which is not a valid filesystem path, causing subsequent resolve operations to fail.

lib/schemes/VirtualUrlPlugin.js

@@ -139,6 +139,7 @@ class VirtualUrlPlugin {
 						const type = virtualConfig.type;
 						resourceData.path = path + type;
 						resourceData.resource = path;
+						resourceData.context = compiler.context;
 
 						if (virtualConfig.version) {
 							const cacheKey = toCacheKey(resourceData.resource, scheme);

test/configCases/plugins/virtual-url-plugin-mf/index.js

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+import routes from "virtual:routes";
+
+it("should correctly load virtual modules with the js type.", () => {
+    expect(routes[0]).toBe("react");
+});

test/configCases/plugins/virtual-url-plugin-mf/node_modules/package.json

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+"use strict";
+
+const webpack = require("../../../../");
+
+/** @type {import("webpack").Configuration} */
+const config = {
+	plugins: [
+		new webpack.container.ModuleFederationPlugin({
+			name: "host",
+			shared: {
+				react: {
+					import: "react",
+					eager: true,
+					singleton: false
+				}
+			}
+		}),
+		new webpack.experiments.schemes.VirtualUrlPlugin({
+			type: ".js",
+			routes: {
+				source() {
+					return `
+	  import React from 'react';
+	  export default [React];
+			  `;
+				}
+			}
+		})
+	]
+};
+
+module.exports = config;