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# Python Google Cloud Microservices Example - API Gateway | ||
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This example demonstrates how to deploy multiple python services to [App Engine flexible environment](https://cloud.google.com/appengine/docs/flexible/) | ||
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## To Run Locally | ||
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1. You will need to install Python 3 on your local machine | ||
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2. Install virtualenv | ||
```Bash | ||
$ pip install virtualenv | ||
``` | ||
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3. To setup the environment in each server's directory: | ||
```Bash | ||
$ virtualenv -p python3 env | ||
$ source env/bin/activate | ||
$ pip install -r requirements.txt | ||
$ deactivate | ||
``` | ||
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4. Change the url's in the API gateway `gateway/api_gateway.py` to the | ||
development ports specified in line `gateway/api_gateway.py:6` | ||
```Python | ||
development ports {static: 8003, flask1: 8001, flask2: 8002} | ||
``` | ||
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## To Deploy to App Engine | ||
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### YAML Files | ||
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Each directory contains an `app.yaml file`. This file will be the same as if | ||
each service were its own project except for the `service` line. For the gateway: | ||
There was a problem hiding this comment. Choose a reason for hiding this commentThe reason will be displayed to describe this comment to others. Learn more. I would prefer to remove the line "This file will be the same as if |
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[Gateway <default>](gateway/app.yaml) | ||
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This is the `default` service. There must be one (and not more). The deployed | ||
url will be `https://<your project id>.appspot.com` | ||
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For the other services: | ||
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[Flask Server 1 <flask1>](flask/app.yaml) | ||
[Flask Server 2 <flask2](flask2/app.yaml) | ||
[Static File Server <static>](static/app.yaml) | ||
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Make sure the `entrypoint` line matches the filename of the server you want to deploy. | ||
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The deployed url will be `https://<service name>-dot-<your project id>.appspot.com` | ||
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### Deployment | ||
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To deploy a service cd into its directory and run: `gcloud app deploy app.yaml` | ||
and enter `Y` when prompted. Or to skip the check add `-q`. | ||
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To test if a service is successfully deployed, simply navigate to the root | ||
and you will see a message. |
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service: flask1 | ||
runtime: python | ||
vm: true | ||
entrypoint: gunicorn -b :$PORT flask_server:app | ||
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runtime_config: | ||
python_version: 3 | ||
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manual_scaling: | ||
There was a problem hiding this comment. Choose a reason for hiding this commentThe reason will be displayed to describe this comment to others. Learn more. blank newline above this, please. |
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instances: 1 |
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import sys | ||
from flask import Flask | ||
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app = Flask(__name__) | ||
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@app.route('/hello') | ||
def say_hello(): | ||
return 'Flask server 1 says hello!' | ||
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@app.route('/') | ||
def root(): | ||
return 'This is flask server 1.' | ||
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if __name__ == "__main__": | ||
if len(sys.argv) > 1 and sys.argv[1] == '--development': | ||
There was a problem hiding this comment. Choose a reason for hiding this commentThe reason will be displayed to describe this comment to others. Learn more. How awful would it be to introduce argparse here? There was a problem hiding this comment. Choose a reason for hiding this commentThe reason will be displayed to describe this comment to others. Learn more. You could also make the port an arg. :) |
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app.run(port=int(8001)) | ||
There was a problem hiding this comment. Choose a reason for hiding this commentThe reason will be displayed to describe this comment to others. Learn more.
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else: | ||
app.run() |
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click==6.6 | ||
Flask==0.11.1 | ||
gunicorn==19.6.0 | ||
itsdangerous==0.24 | ||
Jinja2==2.8 | ||
MarkupSafe==0.23 | ||
requests==2.11.1 | ||
Werkzeug==0.11.11 |
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service: flask2 | ||
runtime: python | ||
vm: true | ||
entrypoint: gunicorn -b :$PORT flask_server:app | ||
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runtime_config: | ||
python_version: 3 | ||
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manual_scaling: | ||
instances: 1 |
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import sys | ||
from flask import Flask | ||
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app = Flask(__name__) | ||
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@app.route('/hello') | ||
def say_hello(): | ||
return 'Flask server 2 says hello!' | ||
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@app.route('/') | ||
def root(): | ||
return 'This is flask server 2.' | ||
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if __name__ == "__main__": | ||
if len(sys.argv) > 1 and sys.argv[1] == '--development': | ||
app.run(port=int(8002)) | ||
else: | ||
app.run() |
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click==6.6 | ||
Flask==0.11.1 | ||
gunicorn==19.6.0 | ||
itsdangerous==0.24 | ||
Jinja2==2.8 | ||
MarkupSafe==0.23 | ||
requests==2.11.1 | ||
Werkzeug==0.11.11 |
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import requests | ||
import sys | ||
import os | ||
from flask import Flask | ||
app = Flask(__name__) | ||
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@app.route('/environment') | ||
def get_env(): | ||
configuration = 'production' | ||
There was a problem hiding this comment. Choose a reason for hiding this commentThe reason will be displayed to describe this comment to others. Learn more. unused variable? |
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return app.config['MODE'] | ||
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@app.route('/test') | ||
def test(): | ||
return "GATEWAY OPERATIONAL" | ||
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@app.route('/') | ||
def root(): | ||
urls = { | ||
There was a problem hiding this comment. Choose a reason for hiding this commentThe reason will be displayed to describe this comment to others. Learn more. You could make this a constant? |
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'development': 'http://localhost:8003', | ||
'production': 'https://static-dot-' + os.environ.get('GAE_LONG_APP_ID', '') + '.appspot.com' | ||
} | ||
environment = app.config['MODE'] | ||
print(environment) | ||
There was a problem hiding this comment. Choose a reason for hiding this commentThe reason will be displayed to describe this comment to others. Learn more. leftover prints? |
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print(urls[environment]) | ||
res = requests.get(urls[environment]) | ||
return res.content | ||
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@app.route('/hello/<service>') | ||
def say_hello(service): | ||
environment = app.config['MODE'] | ||
services = { | ||
'production': { | ||
'flask1': { 'url': 'https://flask1-dot-' + os.environ.get('GAE_LONG_APP_ID', '') + '.appspot.com', 'send': False }, | ||
'flask2': { 'url': 'https://flask2-dot-' + os.environ.get('GAE_LONG_APP_ID', '') + '.appspot.com', 'send': False } | ||
}, | ||
'development': { | ||
'flask1': {'url': 'http://localhost:8001', 'send': False }, | ||
'flask2': {'url': 'http://localhost:8002', 'send': False } | ||
} | ||
} | ||
environment = app.config['MODE'] | ||
if service == 'everyone': | ||
for key, val in services[environment].items(): | ||
val['send'] = True | ||
else: | ||
services[environment][service]['send'] = True | ||
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responses = [] | ||
for key, val in services[environment].items(): | ||
if val['send'] == True: | ||
res = requests.get(val['url'] + '/hello') | ||
responses.append(res.content) | ||
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return '\n'.encode().join(responses) | ||
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@app.route('/<path>') | ||
def static_file(path): | ||
environment = app.config['MODE'] | ||
url = { | ||
'development': 'http://localhost:8003', | ||
'production': 'https://static-dot-' + os.environ.get('GAE_LONG_APP_ID', '') + '.appspot.com' | ||
} | ||
res = requests.get(url[environment] + '/' + path) | ||
return res.content, 200, {'Content-Type': res.headers['Content-Type']} | ||
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if __name__ == "__main__": | ||
if len(sys.argv) > 1 and sys.argv[1] == '--development': | ||
app.config['MODE'] = 'development' | ||
app.config['DEBUG'] = True | ||
app.run(port=int(8000)) | ||
else: | ||
app.config['MODE'] = 'production' | ||
app.run() |
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service: default | ||
runtime: python | ||
vm: true | ||
entrypoint: gunicorn -b :$PORT api_gateway:app | ||
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runtime_config: | ||
python_version: 3 | ||
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manual_scaling: | ||
instances: 1 |
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click==6.6 | ||
Flask==0.11.1 | ||
gunicorn==19.6.0 | ||
itsdangerous==0.24 | ||
Jinja2==2.8 | ||
MarkupSafe==0.23 | ||
requests==2.11.1 | ||
Werkzeug==0.11.11 |
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service: static | ||
runtime: python | ||
vm: true | ||
entrypoint: gunicorn -b :$PORT static_server:app | ||
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runtime_config: | ||
python_version: 3 | ||
manual_scaling: | ||
instances: 1 |
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click==6.6 | ||
Flask==0.11.1 | ||
gunicorn==19.6.0 | ||
itsdangerous==0.24 | ||
Jinja2==2.8 | ||
MarkupSafe==0.23 | ||
requests==2.11.1 | ||
Werkzeug==0.11.11 |
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<!DOCTYPE html> | ||
<html> | ||
<head> | ||
<meta charset="utf-8"> | ||
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="style.css" /> | ||
<script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.12.4/jquery.min.js"></script> | ||
<script src="index.js"></script> | ||
<title>API Gateway on App Engine Flexible Environment</title> | ||
</head> | ||
<body> | ||
<h1>API GATEWAY DEMO</h1> | ||
<p>Say hi to:</p> | ||
<button class='request-button' id='flask1'>Flask Server 1</button> | ||
<button class='request-button' id='flask2'>Flask Server 2</button> | ||
<button class='request-button' id='everyone'>Everyone</button> | ||
<ul class='responses'></ul> | ||
</body> | ||
</html> |
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function handleResponse(resp){ | ||
const li = document.createElement('li'); | ||
li.innerHTML = resp; | ||
document.querySelector('.responses').appendChild(li) | ||
} | ||
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function handleClick(event){ | ||
$.ajax({ | ||
url: `hello/${event.target.id}`, | ||
type: `GET`, | ||
success(resp){ | ||
handleResponse(resp); | ||
} | ||
}); | ||
} | ||
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document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => { | ||
const buttons = document.getElementsByTagName('button') | ||
for (var i = 0; i < buttons.length; i++) { | ||
buttons[i].addEventListener('click', handleClick); | ||
} | ||
}); |
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h1 { | ||
color: red; | ||
} |
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import sys | ||
from flask import Flask | ||
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app = Flask(__name__) | ||
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@app.route('/hello') | ||
def say_hello(): | ||
return 'Flask server 2 says hello!' | ||
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@app.route('/') | ||
def root(): | ||
return app.send_static_file('index.html') | ||
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@app.route('/<path:path>') | ||
def static_file(path): | ||
mimetype = '' | ||
if path.split('.')[1] == 'css': | ||
mimetype = 'text/css' | ||
if path.split('.')[1] == 'js': | ||
mimetype = 'application/javascript' | ||
return app.send_static_file(path), 200, {'Content-Type': mimetype} | ||
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if __name__ == "__main__": | ||
if len(sys.argv) > 1 and sys.argv[1] == '--development': | ||
There was a problem hiding this comment. Choose a reason for hiding this commentThe reason will be displayed to describe this comment to others. Learn more. argparse? |
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app.run(port=int(8003)) | ||
else: | ||
app.run() |
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This local run story is pretty rough, and some of that blame of course falls on Google. Do you have any ideas on how we can improve this for this sample (procfile + honcho)? Overall?
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@jonparrott I've got it running now so that it will work as previously in production, and the user can run locally by using a
--development
flag from the command line without having to do anything with the code. Is that sufficient?There was a problem hiding this comment.
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Sounds reasonable, push the code up?
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OK. Needs the other changes though, and testing with deployed code. Will push up now so you can see and again when changes complete.