I ran into this for the first time today. It's been a few months since built my mariadb container and it was working before. I googled and found this support issue on github for docker-node:
nodejs/docker-node#380
The takeway from this discussion was to switch FROM ha.pool.sks-keyservers.net TO ipv4.pool.sks-keyservers.net in every instance where that url is used. Once I did that the container built without issues.
Perhaps consider modifying the dockerfile so that it won't error out of the box