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Added flair and stretch options to pg.snspd_candelabra() method. #212

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Added flair and stretch options to pg.snspd_candelabra() method. #212

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Added flair and stretch options to pg.snspd_candelabra() method. See …
dileepvr Jun 3, 2025
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170 changes: 153 additions & 17 deletions phidl/geometry.py
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Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -5861,10 +5861,13 @@ def snspd_expanded(

def snspd_candelabra( # noqa: C901
wire_width=0.52,
wire_pitch=0.56,
wire_pitch=0.6,
haxis=90,
vaxis=50,
flair=1.0,
stretch=1.0,
equalize_path_lengths=False,
center_ports=True,
xwing=False,
layer=0,
):
Expand All @@ -5883,9 +5886,20 @@ def snspd_candelabra( # noqa: C901
The parameter `haxis` is prioritized over `vaxis`.
vaxis : int or float
Length of vertical diagonal of the rhomboidal active area.
flair : int or float (> 1.0)
Factor by which to expand wire width before 90-degree bends.
Only applies of xwing is False.
Increase wire_pitch to compensate. (Try 1.05)
stretch : int or float
Factor by which to scale bending width in hairpin bends.
Only applies of xwing is False.
Applies on top of flair value. (Try 1.5)
equalize_path_lengths : bool
If True, adds wire segments to hairpin bends to equalize path lengths
from center to center for all parallel wires in active area.
center_ports : bool
If True, centers the input and output ports along the x-axis.
Only applies of xwing is False.
xwing : bool
If True, replaces 90-degree bends with 135-degree bends.
layer : int
Expand All @@ -5903,11 +5917,15 @@ def off_axis_uturn(
wire_pitch=0.56,
pfact=10.0 / 3,
sharp=False,
flair=1.05,
stretch=1.5,
pad_length=0,
layer=0,
):
"""Returns phidl device low-crowding u-turn for candelabra meander."""
barc = optimal_90deg(width=wire_width, layer=layer)
if flair < 1.0:
flair = 1.0
barc = optimal_90deg(width=wire_width * flair, layer=layer)
if not sharp:
# For non-rounded outer radii
# Not fully implemented
Expand All @@ -5917,23 +5935,23 @@ def off_axis_uturn(
port2or = barc.ports[2].orientation
barc = boolean(
A=barc,
B=copy(barc).move([-wire_width, -wire_width]),
B=copy(barc).move([-wire_width * flair, -wire_width * flair]),
operation="not",
layer=layer,
)
barc.add_port(
name=1, midpoint=port1mp, width=wire_width, orientation=port1or
name=1, midpoint=port1mp, width=wire_width * flair, orientation=port1or
)
barc.add_port(
name=2, midpoint=port2mp, width=wire_width, orientation=port2or
name=2, midpoint=port2mp, width=wire_width * flair, orientation=port2or
)
pin = optimal_hairpin(
width=wire_width,
pitch=pfact * wire_width,
length=8 * wire_width,
width=wire_width * flair,
pitch=pfact * wire_width * flair,
length=8 * wire_width * flair,
layer=layer,
)
pas = compass(size=(wire_width, wire_pitch), layer=layer)
pas = compass(size=(wire_width * flair, wire_pitch), layer=layer)
D = Device()
arc1 = D.add_ref(barc)
arc1.rotate(90)
Expand All @@ -5943,6 +5961,7 @@ def off_axis_uturn(
pas1.connect(pas1.ports["N"], pin1.ports[2])
arc2 = D.add_ref(barc)
arc2.connect(2, pas1.ports["S"])

if pad_length > 0:
pin1.movey(pad_length * 0.5)
tempc = D.add_ref(
Expand All @@ -5959,18 +5978,63 @@ def off_axis_uturn(
)
)
tempc.connect("N", pin1.ports[2])
D.add_port(
xdist = arc2.ports[1].x - arc1.ports[1].x
D.movex(-arc1.ports[1].x)
if stretch > 1.0:
D.flatten()
for poly in D.polygons:
poly.scale(stretch, 1.0)
Dtemp = Device()
Dtemp.add_ref(D)
Dtemp.add_port(
name=1,
midpoint=arc1.ports[1].midpoint,
midpoint=[0, arc1.ports[1].midpoint[1]],
width=wire_width,
orientation=arc1.ports[1].orientation,
)
D.add_port(
Dtemp.add_port(
name=2,
midpoint=arc2.ports[1].midpoint,
midpoint=[xdist * stretch, arc2.ports[1].midpoint[1]],
width=wire_width,
orientation=arc2.ports[1].orientation,
)
D = Device()
D.add_ref(Dtemp)
if flair > 1.0:
step1 = D.add_ref(
optimal_step(
start_width=wire_width,
end_width=wire_width * flair,
symmetric=False,
layer=layer,
)
)
step2 = D.add_ref(
optimal_step(
start_width=wire_width,
end_width=wire_width * flair,
symmetric=False,
layer=layer,
)
)
step1.connect(2, Dtemp.ports[1])
step2.connect(2, Dtemp.ports[2])
D.add_port(name=1, port=step1.ports[1])
D.add_port(name=2, port=step2.ports[1])
else:
D.add_port(
name=1,
midpoint=Dtemp.ports[1].midpoint,
width=wire_width,
orientation=arc1.ports[1].orientation,
)
D.add_port(
name=2,
midpoint=Dtemp.ports[2].midpoint,
width=wire_width,
orientation=arc2.ports[1].orientation,
)

return D

def xwing_uturn(
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -6044,25 +6108,94 @@ def xwing_uturn(

return Dtemp

def bendS(
wire_width=0.52,
wire_pitch=0.6,
haxis=90,
flair=1.05,
stretch=1.5,
vaxis=50,
layer=0,
):

D = Device()
step1 = D.add_ref(
optimal_step(
start_width=wire_width * flair,
end_width=wire_width,
symmetric=True,
layer=layer,
)
)
wire_width = wire_width * flair
barc = optimal_90deg(width=wire_width, layer=layer)
step1.connect(1, barc.ports[2])
port1mp = [barc.ports[1].x, barc.ports[1].y]
port1or = barc.ports[1].orientation
port2mp = [step1.ports[2].x, step1.ports[2].y]
port2or = step1.ports[2].orientation
barc = boolean(
A=barc,
B=copy(barc).move([-wire_width, -wire_width]),
operation="not",
layer=layer,
)
D.add_ref(barc)
D.flatten()
for poly in D.polygons:
poly.scale(stretch, 1.0)
D.add_port(
name=1,
midpoint=[port1mp[0] * stretch, port1mp[1]],
width=wire_width * stretch,
orientation=port1or,
)
D.add_port(
name=2,
midpoint=[port2mp[0] * stretch, port2mp[1]],
width=wire_width / flair,
orientation=port2or,
)

return D

D = Device(name="snspd_candelabra")
if xwing:
Dtemp = xwing_uturn(wire_width=wire_width, wire_pitch=wire_pitch, layer=layer)
else:
Dtemp = off_axis_uturn(
wire_width=wire_width, wire_pitch=wire_pitch, layer=layer
wire_width=wire_width,
wire_pitch=wire_pitch,
flair=flair,
stretch=stretch,
layer=layer,
)
Dtemp_mirrored = deepcopy(Dtemp).mirror([0, 0], [0, 1])
padding = Dtemp.xsize
maxll = haxis - 2 * padding
dll = abs(Dtemp.ports[1].x - Dtemp.ports[2].x) + wire_pitch
dll = abs(Dtemp.ports[1].x - Dtemp.ports[2].x) + wire_pitch * stretch
half_num_meanders = int(np.ceil(0.5 * vaxis / wire_pitch)) + 2

if xwing:
bend = D.add_ref(
arc(radius=wire_width * 3, width=wire_width, theta=90, layer=layer)
).rotate(180)
else:
bend = D.add_ref(optimal_90deg(width=wire_width, layer=layer))
if stretch > 1.0:
bend = D.add_ref(
bendS(
wire_width=wire_width,
wire_pitch=wire_pitch,
haxis=haxis,
flair=flair,
stretch=stretch,
vaxis=vaxis,
layer=layer,
)
)
else:
bend = D.add_ref(optimal_90deg(width=wire_width, layer=layer))

if (maxll - dll * half_num_meanders) <= 0.0:
while (maxll - dll * half_num_meanders) <= 0.0:
half_num_meanders = half_num_meanders - 1
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -6136,7 +6269,10 @@ def xwing_uturn(

D.movex(-D.x)
if not xwing:
bend.movex(-bend.ports[1].x)
if center_ports:
bend.movex(-bend.ports[1].x)
else:
bend.movex(3 * wire_width - 2 * bend.ports[2].x)
if (fpas.ports["W"].x - bend.ports[2].x) > 0:
tempc = D.add_ref(
compass(
Expand Down
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