Investigate possible compilation improvements when profiles are used

[cmaglie]

Describe the request

If a sketch is compiled using a profile, it may be possible to completely skip recompilation under certain conditions.

The idea is that, since all the resources used to compile a sketch are listed under the profile, we can compare the timestamps of the sketch artefact from a previous compile with all the resources needed to compile it. If the old sketch artefacts are older, we could skip the compilation altogether.

Since all the resources are listed in the profile, there should be no risk of missing anything (unlike a non-profile compilation, where some resources may have been added or removed globally from the system).

Describe the current behavior

Some recompilation steps are always performed to ensure that cached artefacts are reused properly.

Arduino CLI version

nightly

Operating system

N/A

Operating system version

N/A

Additional context

No response

Issue checklist

• I searched for previous requests in the issue tracker
• I verified the feature was still missing when using the nightly build
• My request contains all necessary details

[lucarin91]

We should consider some caveats of the profile:

1. platforms can omit the version, which means that we will use the globally installed platform
2. profiles support path to libraries, which means we need to check also if the library hasn't changed