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Summary: Gigabit performance against either an Intel i225 2.5G or Mellanox ConnectX-3 10G target, all on the same switch. Any insights would be great.
root@HP-N40L-OMV:~# uname -a
Linux HP-N40L-OMV 6.12.38+deb12-amd64 #1 SMP PREEMPT_DYNAMIC Debian 6.12.38-1~bpo12+1 (2025-07-27) x86_64 GNU/Linux
9.015.00-NAPI driver
root@HP-N40L-OMV:~# ethtool -i enp2s0
driver: r8125
version: 9.015.00-NAPI
firmware-version:
expansion-rom-version:
bus-info: 0000:02:00.0
supports-statistics: yes
supports-test: no
supports-eeprom-access: no
supports-register-dump: yes
supports-priv-flags: no
PCIe at 2.0 x1
root@HP-N40L-OMV:~# lspci -vv -s 02:00.0
02:00.0 Ethernet controller: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8125 2.5GbE Controller (rev 05)
Subsystem: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8125 2.5GbE Controller
Control: I/O+ Mem+ BusMaster+ SpecCycle- MemWINV- VGASnoop- ParErr- Stepping- SERR+ FastB2B- DisINTx+
Status: Cap+ 66MHz- UDF- FastB2B- ParErr- DEVSEL=fast >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort- >SERR- <PERR- INTx-
Latency: 0, Cache Line Size: 64 bytes
Interrupt: pin A routed to IRQ 18
NUMA node: 0
Region 0: I/O ports at e800 [size=256]
Region 2: Memory at fe7f0000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=64K]
Region 4: Memory at fe7ec000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=16K]
Capabilities: [40] Power Management version 3
Flags: PMEClk- DSI- D1+ D2+ AuxCurrent=375mA PME(D0+,D1+,D2+,D3hot+,D3cold+)
Status: D0 NoSoftRst+ PME-Enable- DSel=0 DScale=0 PME-
Capabilities: [50] MSI: Enable- Count=1/1 Maskable+ 64bit+
Address: 0000000000000000 Data: 0000
Masking: 00000000 Pending: 00000000
Capabilities: [70] Express (v2) Endpoint, MSI 01
DevCap: MaxPayload 256 bytes, PhantFunc 0, Latency L0s <512ns, L1 <64us
ExtTag- AttnBtn- AttnInd- PwrInd- RBE+ FLReset- SlotPowerLimit 75W
DevCtl: CorrErr+ NonFatalErr+ FatalErr+ UnsupReq+
RlxdOrd- ExtTag- PhantFunc- AuxPwr- NoSnoop-
MaxPayload 128 bytes, MaxReadReq 512 bytes
DevSta: CorrErr+ NonFatalErr- FatalErr- UnsupReq+ AuxPwr+ TransPend-
LnkCap: Port #0, Speed 5GT/s, Width x1, ASPM L0s L1, Exit Latency L0s unlimited, L1 <64us
ClockPM+ Surprise- LLActRep- BwNot- ASPMOptComp+
LnkCtl: ASPM Disabled; RCB 64 bytes, Disabled- CommClk+
ExtSynch- ClockPM- AutWidDis- BWInt- AutBWInt-
**LnkSta: Speed 5GT/s, Width x1**
TrErr- Train- SlotClk+ DLActive- BWMgmt- ABWMgmt-
DevCap2: Completion Timeout: Range ABCD, TimeoutDis+ NROPrPrP- LTR+
10BitTagComp- 10BitTagReq- OBFF Via message/WAKE#, ExtFmt- EETLPPrefix-
EmergencyPowerReduction Not Supported, EmergencyPowerReductionInit-
FRS- TPHComp+ ExtTPHComp-
AtomicOpsCap: 32bit- 64bit- 128bitCAS-
DevCtl2: Completion Timeout: 50us to 50ms, TimeoutDis- LTR- 10BitTagReq- OBFF Disabled,
AtomicOpsCtl: ReqEn-
LnkCap2: Supported Link Speeds: 2.5-5GT/s, Crosslink- Retimer- 2Retimers- DRS-
LnkCtl2: Target Link Speed: 5GT/s, EnterCompliance- SpeedDis-
Transmit Margin: Normal Operating Range, EnterModifiedCompliance- ComplianceSOS-
Compliance Preset/De-emphasis: -6dB de-emphasis, 0dB preshoot
LnkSta2: Current De-emphasis Level: -3.5dB, EqualizationComplete- EqualizationPhase1-
EqualizationPhase2- EqualizationPhase3- LinkEqualizationRequest-
Retimer- 2Retimers- CrosslinkRes: unsupported
Capabilities: [b0] MSI-X: Enable+ Count=32 Masked-
Vector table: BAR=4 offset=00000000
PBA: BAR=4 offset=00000800
Capabilities: [d0] Vital Product Data
pcilib: sysfs_read_vpd: read failed: No such device
Not readable
Capabilities: [100 v2] Advanced Error Reporting
UESta: DLP- SDES- TLP- FCP- CmpltTO- CmpltAbrt- UnxCmplt- RxOF- MalfTLP- ECRC- UnsupReq- ACSViol-
UEMsk: DLP- SDES- TLP- FCP- CmpltTO- CmpltAbrt- UnxCmplt- RxOF- MalfTLP- ECRC- UnsupReq+ ACSViol-
UESvrt: DLP+ SDES+ TLP- FCP+ CmpltTO- CmpltAbrt- UnxCmplt- RxOF+ MalfTLP+ ECRC- UnsupReq- ACSViol-
CESta: RxErr- BadTLP- BadDLLP- Rollover- Timeout- AdvNonFatalErr-
CEMsk: RxErr- BadTLP- BadDLLP- Rollover- Timeout- AdvNonFatalErr+
AERCap: First Error Pointer: 00, ECRCGenCap+ ECRCGenEn- ECRCChkCap+ ECRCChkEn-
MultHdrRecCap- MultHdrRecEn- TLPPfxPres- HdrLogCap-
HeaderLog: 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
Capabilities: [148 v1] Virtual Channel
Caps: LPEVC=0 RefClk=100ns PATEntryBits=1
Arb: Fixed- WRR32- WRR64- WRR128-
Ctrl: ArbSelect=Fixed
Status: InProgress-
VC0: Caps: PATOffset=00 MaxTimeSlots=1 RejSnoopTrans-
Arb: Fixed- WRR32- WRR64- WRR128- TWRR128- WRR256-
Ctrl: Enable+ ID=0 ArbSelect=Fixed TC/VC=ff
Status: NegoPending- InProgress-
Capabilities: [168 v1] Device Serial Number 01-00-00-00-68-4c-e0-00
Capabilities: [178 v1] Transaction Processing Hints
No steering table available
Capabilities: [204 v1] Latency Tolerance Reporting
Max snoop latency: 0ns
Max no snoop latency: 0ns
Capabilities: [20c v1] L1 PM Substates
L1SubCap: PCI-PM_L1.2+ PCI-PM_L1.1+ ASPM_L1.2+ ASPM_L1.1+ L1_PM_Substates+
PortCommonModeRestoreTime=150us PortTPowerOnTime=150us
L1SubCtl1: PCI-PM_L1.2- PCI-PM_L1.1- ASPM_L1.2- ASPM_L1.1-
T_CommonMode=0us LTR1.2_Threshold=0ns
L1SubCtl2: T_PwrOn=10us
Capabilities: [21c v1] Vendor Specific Information: ID=0002 Rev=4 Len=100 <?>
Kernel driver in use: r8125
Kernel modules: r8169, r8125
Ethernet link at 2500Mbps
root@HP-N40L-OMV:~# ethtool enp2s0
Settings for enp2s0:
Supported ports: [ TP ]
Supported link modes: 10baseT/Half 10baseT/Full
100baseT/Half 100baseT/Full
1000baseT/Full
2500baseT/Full
Supported pause frame use: Symmetric Receive-only
Supports auto-negotiation: Yes
Supported FEC modes: Not reported
Advertised link modes: 10baseT/Half 10baseT/Full
100baseT/Half 100baseT/Full
1000baseT/Full
2500baseT/Full
Advertised pause frame use: Symmetric Receive-only
Advertised auto-negotiation: Yes
Advertised FEC modes: Not reported
Link partner advertised link modes: 10baseT/Half 10baseT/Full
100baseT/Half 100baseT/Full
1000baseT/Full
2500baseT/Full
Link partner advertised pause frame use: Symmetric Receive-only
Link partner advertised auto-negotiation: Yes
Link partner advertised FEC modes: Not reported
**Speed: 2500Mb/s**
Duplex: Full
Auto-negotiation: on
Port: Twisted Pair
PHYAD: 0
Transceiver: internal
MDI-X: on
Supports Wake-on: pumbg
Wake-on: d
Current message level: 0x00000033 (51)
drv probe ifdown ifup
Link detected: yes
Yet gigabit performance against, in this case, an Intel i225. Have also tried with Mellanox 10G. Intel and Mellanox shows 2.5G performance with one another.
root@HP-N40L-OMV:~# iperf3 -c 192.168.1.86 -B 192.168.1.109
Connecting to host 192.168.1.86, port 5201
[ 5] local 192.168.1.109 port 49705 connected to 192.168.1.86 port 5201
[ ID] Interval Transfer Bitrate Retr Cwnd
[ 5] 0.00-1.00 sec 114 MBytes 956 Mbits/sec 0 352 KBytes
[ 5] 1.00-2.00 sec 112 MBytes 943 Mbits/sec 0 352 KBytes
[ 5] 2.00-3.00 sec 112 MBytes 943 Mbits/sec 0 352 KBytes
[ 5] 3.00-4.00 sec 112 MBytes 937 Mbits/sec 0 352 KBytes
[ 5] 4.00-5.00 sec 112 MBytes 943 Mbits/sec 0 352 KBytes
[ 5] 5.00-6.00 sec 112 MBytes 942 Mbits/sec 0 352 KBytes
[ 5] 6.00-7.00 sec 112 MBytes 942 Mbits/sec 0 352 KBytes
[ 5] 7.00-8.00 sec 112 MBytes 942 Mbits/sec 0 352 KBytes
[ 5] 8.00-9.00 sec 112 MBytes 937 Mbits/sec 0 352 KBytes
[ 5] 9.00-10.00 sec 114 MBytes 955 Mbits/sec 0 530 KBytes
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
[ ID] Interval Transfer Bitrate Retr
[ 5] 0.00-10.00 sec 1.10 GBytes 944 Mbits/sec 0 sender
[ 5] 0.00-10.00 sec 1.10 GBytes 941 Mbits/sec receiver
iperf Done.
root@HP-N40L-OMV:~# iperf3 -c 192.168.1.86 -B 192.168.1.109 -R
Connecting to host 192.168.1.86, port 5201
Reverse mode, remote host 192.168.1.86 is sending
[ 5] local 192.168.1.109 port 47283 connected to 192.168.1.86 port 5201
[ ID] Interval Transfer Bitrate
[ 5] 0.00-1.00 sec 112 MBytes 941 Mbits/sec
[ 5] 1.00-2.00 sec 112 MBytes 942 Mbits/sec
[ 5] 2.00-3.00 sec 112 MBytes 941 Mbits/sec
[ 5] 3.00-4.00 sec 112 MBytes 942 Mbits/sec
[ 5] 4.00-5.00 sec 112 MBytes 942 Mbits/sec
[ 5] 5.00-6.00 sec 112 MBytes 941 Mbits/sec
[ 5] 6.00-7.00 sec 112 MBytes 942 Mbits/sec
[ 5] 7.00-8.00 sec 112 MBytes 942 Mbits/sec
[ 5] 8.00-9.00 sec 112 MBytes 941 Mbits/sec
[ 5] 9.00-10.00 sec 112 MBytes 941 Mbits/sec
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
[ ID] Interval Transfer Bitrate Retr
[ 5] 0.00-10.00 sec 1.10 GBytes 945 Mbits/sec 0 sender
[ 5] 0.00-10.00 sec 1.10 GBytes 941 Mbits/sec receiver
iperf Done.
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