resistor-color: add new exercise

exercises/resistor-color/canonical-data.json

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+{
+  "exercise": "resistor-color",
+  "version": "1.0.0",
+  "cases": [
+    {
+      "description": "Color codes",
+      "cases": [
+        {
+          "description": "Black",
+          "property": "colorCode",
+          "input": {
+            "color": "black"
+          },
+          "expected": 0
+        },
+        {
+          "description": "White",
+          "property": "colorCode",
+          "input": {
+            "color": "white"
+          },
+          "expected": 9
+        },
+        {
+          "description": "Orange",
+          "property": "colorCode",
+          "input": {
+            "color": "orange"
+          },
+          "expected": 3
+        }
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "description": "Colors",
+      "property": "colors",
+      "input": {},
+      "expected": ["black", "brown", "red", "orange", "yellow", "green", "blue", "violet", "grey", "white"]
+    }
+  ]
+}

exercises/resistor-color/description.md

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+Resistors have color coded bands, where each color maps to a number. The first 2 bands of a resistor have a simple encoding scheme: each color maps to a single number.
+
+These colors are encoded as follows:
+
+- Black: 0
+- Brown: 1
+- Red: 2
+- Orange: 3
+- Yellow: 4
+- Green: 5
+- Blue: 6
+- Violet: 7
+- Grey: 8
+- White: 9
+
+Mnemonics map the colors to the numbers, that, when stored as an array, happen to map to their index in the array: Better Be Right Or Your Great Big Values Go Wrong.
+
+More information on the color encoding of resistors can be found in the [Electronic color code Wikipedia article](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronic_color_code)

exercises/resistor-color/metadata.yml

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+---
+blurb: "Convert a resistor band's color to its numeric representation"
+source: "Maud de Vries, Erik Schierboom"
+source_url: "https://github.com/exercism/problem-specifications/issues/1458"