math: add architecture independent maxint and maxuint

[Silentd00m]

Implemented architecture independent MaxInt, MaxUint, MinInt and MinUint constants for math package.

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This PR (HEAD: b859c07) has been imported to Gerrit for code review.

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Patch Set 1:

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[gopherbot]

Message from Gerrit User 5065:

Patch Set 1: Code-Review-2

Temporary -2 until there's an approved API proposal GitHub issue for this.

(We don't add new API just by sending code.)

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[gopherbot]

Message from Akhil Indurti:

Patch Set 1:

(6 comments)

Thanks for sending in this change André! Please take a look at the
comments on the commit message and const.go.

Editing a commit message for a change sent through GitHub PRs
requires you to modify the PR. See
https://github.com/golang/go/wiki/CommitMessage#github-pull-requests.

Ping @bradfitz to remove -2, since the proposal has been accepted.

Best,
Akhil

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