One minor but potentially significant difference between the official norns OS images and the environment produced by the Dockerfile is that the norns images use the Lite version of Raspbian/Raspberry Pi OS.
The dtcooper/raspberrypi-os-docker project to create base Dockerfiles matching PiOS versions has started to work on Lite support, but it isn't complete yet: https://github.com/dtcooper/raspberrypi-os-docker/blob/main/Dockerfile.lite