feat: attachments

.changeset/poor-days-pay.md

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+'svelte': minor
+---
+
+feat: attachments

documentation/docs/03-template-syntax/09-@attach.md

@@ -0,0 +1,138 @@
+---
+title: {@attach ...}
+---
+
+Attachments are functions that run when an element is mounted to the DOM. Optionally, they can return a function that is called when the element is later removed from the DOM.
+
+> [!NOTE]
+> Attachments are available in Svelte 5.29 and newer.
+
+```svelte
+<!--- file: App.svelte --->
+<script>
+	/** @type {import('svelte/attachments').Attachment} */
+	function myAttachment(element) {
+		console.log(element.nodeName); // 'DIV'
+
+		return () => {
+			console.log('cleaning up');
+		};
+	}
+</script>
+
+<div {@attach myAttachment}>...</div>
+```
+
+An element can have any number of attachments.
+
+## Attachment factories
+
+A useful pattern is for a function, such as `tooltip` in this example, to _return_ an attachment ([demo](/playground/untitled#H4sIAAAAAAAAE3VT0XLaMBD8lavbDiaNCUlbHhTItG_5h5AH2T5ArdBppDOEMv73SkbGJGnH47F9t3un3TsfMyO3mInsh2SW1Sa7zlZKo8_E0zHjg42pGAjxBPxp7cTvUHOMldLjv-IVGUbDoUw295VTlh-WZslqa8kxsLL2ACtHWxh175NffnQfAAGikSGxYQGfPEvGfPSIWtOH0TiBVo2pWJEBJtKhQp4YYzjG9JIdcuMM5IZqHMPioY8vOSA997zQoevf4a7heO7cdp34olRiTGr07OhwH1IdoO2A7dLMbwahZq6MbRhKZWqxk7rBxTGVbuHmhCgb5qDgmIx_J6XtHHukHTrYYqx_YpzYng8aO4RYayql7hU-1ZJl0akqHBE_D9KLolwL-Dibzc7iSln9XjtqTF1UpMkJ2EmXR-BgQErsN4pxIJKr0RVO1qrxAqaTO4fbc9bKulZm3cfDY3aZDgvFGErWjmzhN7KmfX5rXyDeX8Pt1mU-hXjdBOrtuB97vK4GPUtmJ41XcRMEGDLD8do0nJ73zhUhSlyRw0t3vPqD8cjfLs-axiFgNBrkUd9Ulp50c-GLxlXAVlJX-ffpZyiSn7H0eLCUySZQcQdXlxj4El0Yv_FZvIKElqqGTruVLhzu7VRKCh22_5toOyxsWqLwwzK-cCbYNdg-hy-p9D7sbiZWUnts_wLUOF3CJgQAAA==)):
+
+```svelte
+<!--- file: App.svelte --->
+<script>
+	import tippy from 'tippy.js';
+
+	let content = $state('Hello!');
+
+	/**
+	 * @param {string} content
+	 * @returns {import('svelte/attachments').Attachment}
+	 */
+	function tooltip(content) {
+		return (element) => {
+			const tooltip = tippy(element, { content });
+			return tooltip.destroy;
+		};
+	}
+</script>
+
+<input bind:value={content} />
+
+<button {@attach tooltip(content)}>
+	Hover me
+</button>
+```
+
+Since the `tooltip(content)` expression runs inside an [effect]($effect), the attachment will be destroyed and recreated whenever `content` changes.
+
+## Inline attachments
+
+Attachments can also be created inline ([demo](/playground/untitled#H4sIAAAAAAAAE71WbW_aSBD-Kyt0VaBJyGKbqoUkOhdI68qGUkh6pPSDMY6xYwyH12Ab8d9vZtYE6DX38aQQe3fennlm1jvbUmTP3VKj9KcthO3MShelJz9041Ljx7YksiWKcAP2C0V9uazGazcUuDexY_d3-84iEm4kwE3pOnZW_lLcjqOx8OfLxUqwLVvafiTYjj2tFnN2Vr3yVvbUB4NqEJ81x9H11cEounbsaG3HaL_xp2J2s1WVHa5mru_NxMtyW6TAytKgwm5u2RYlYwF4YsEIVSrYDZMaVc8VLblXPlOmZ5UmxkP9P9ynJ9cR5fKxk7EIXQGQIV9wsXL_TtxY6JE_t4W_iO5wv_yURA6uWLhYLMuicrAdi_-2RAMCUGgTReUC8gUTB9mueC2WK1ckq4j9AhVytiPHDX_Fh_-PXBVvhcsdEHl7fSXZkeTHIgtdKp7c3UegUjRYjfM3hQ9ZjpOty407efbF5dyOnxssWYXlcWlqC7sBmDz3Kl575-k8bGIXvdMuvn7uKo_Zx3Ayv_Mnn-7FaH4X2Mo0m6gPyWObR5P5g2q0dc9q6fVeS8uMdifttRxvOg_DKf-ydkEHZBuj_ayZgeFZw472JfuoTb6niZPzyP78jTvtxdpUp-o0q6tWVl87c2dtBfrGan3Ip3Mn-hqkm9Ff3xbGp_6HLwqvWwOtDnFqZvAYmMPOxgyehTW8T7oZzy1fU8yhAXuW6La9xPJ5arW0fNLiWTfTamCnmsED2DlJd6BzM3DA1gBbPQVbDv444Qw6iTXgKfjxwC43B5QbyDzPgrXRNlAm0MZoW0nX5_B06Ak-Mc-k10L7kQe81M3gHvYAz0CvkTwAvC2IOdDT7kADDq0MdSHvxMp0XnAJeXyLrQCx8hTxj3J6L2Igbp5KDIRbSNw6YSPcuDfsI5ac8KI80yFWX0AeitHuox4-pa-BpoEvzKMOOSMfWDeBGIFXwP4gzOE9cu71kF_FEpgf8AF-eYq4wQZ5z8A_2HtUF_LRwjXEaYFvrBnkA7rg00L9pCfjJYjHxNzmG8qbeBlgjndBwT1ypyCG7gtPngcY-aTd8TBPM-h41vfiiX6hjsAT9g3yw4t9ReLGdR_rSjUEOfBDtQRcyKUhSI4cwG_SNlTiD3vou5XiO2IB_zniBhusJeanORnHPpLcU92oZ9F3RjUiTizkDnx2BPUv4KK6Qc9RHIwbTGPZ632vCzqjDHlxEFOK9l3C-Yx1UiQ_XDtgkjUkf0MjR59QJ5XiEqZ-geMZasBzmds9YIK-xadPfIkenTsPsWPP_YYHB2OkxXlIqT6DopYDXaOa-1i_jvwW0JkiPHhG8AwUsfpYV6gF4tFzeXYQD9ZDo76kHoV1l3r5MYa9WtG3VA-sPfYKxW5xhbiRvYm9IqhX8HwO8Ix0UL8471hLOtd16mPip4N5UR6AgRdnJ8dvCMip1vCjbw3khfFS6h9lI-jswjnHnpY16yPHWdGPGeHzMcdZTj1J_d3B_JVRjvnopCv5wD7RVdLDPqG4kscTTpQNfvPgbI3g_f-pS4--a3TGUynH_hvJb9QpDzXJg3fo3eyld1Xq3YHjmbn23lTh7sm1m3Gpwur8Df2umMq16vtlyqLF5cpdurb4zb12Gfu522Dv-HruR_IWpQGmuDdhGMILvNQQq8TdXbwyVB3NP6dT1angaKxyUxqlXuaNf40L8qKWg8-W0XV9weQdDYPXzX4YqsprvXlQpru5Dbf0kRIMSsZ-u8wvGPydeNxPTk-LFSvjlLQEY96Ex_XBXxWv_mroRp6Yoej8hmmV0wnNB7MlEK81j3dT2PXZGxnyRJKBpOyDAYkq7Pb2FsLupzips3KnoPVOY-esXFPes7csrewtYA8Eb5lli1k19qOyAAkMMLxyEsZbuW70i5MMnRR8HntxFvErXiZhguMfmL8gPOXmB3DC-E8aEafNVzVqqEGQXtdRUAcDvq6ioopSr-97tugAqvcyOar3iy3VnZLanbb1T1jZfrjxo2mp8WSHsbv7Bx1mHBBZDAAA)):
+
+```svelte
+<!--- file: App.svelte --->
+<script>
+	import { paint } from './gradient.js';
+</script>
+
+<canvas
+	width={32}
+	height={32}
+	{@attach (canvas) => {
+		const context = canvas.getContext('2d');
+
+		$effect(() => {
+			let frame = requestAnimationFrame(function loop(t) {
+				frame = requestAnimationFrame(loop);
+				paint(context, t);
+			});
+
+			return () => {
+				cancelAnimationFrame(frame);
+			};
+		});
+	}}
+></canvas>
+```
+
+## Passing attachments to components
+
+When used on a component, `{@attach ...}` will create a prop whose key is a [`Symbol`](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Symbol). If the component then [spreads](/tutorial/svelte/spread-props) props onto an element, the element will receive those attachments.
+
+This allows you to create _wrapper components_ that augment elements ([demo](/playground/untitled#H4sIAAAAAAAAE3VUS3ObMBD-KxvajnFqsJM2PhA7TXrKob31FjITAbKtRkiMtDhJPfz3LiAMdpxhGJvdb1_fPnaeYjn3Iu-WIbJ04028lZDcetHDzsO3olbVApI74F1RhHbLJdayhFl-Sp5qhVwhufEWNjWiwJtYxSjyQhsEFEXxBiujcxg1_8O_dnQ9APwsEbVyiHDafjrvDZCgkiO4MLCEzxYZcn90z6XUZ6OxA61KlaIgV6i1pFC-sxjDrlbHaDiWRoGvdMbHsLzp5DES0mJnRxGaRBvcBHb7yFUTCQeunEWYcYtGv12TqgFUDbCK1WLaM6IWQhUlQiJUFm2ZLPly51xXMG0Rjoyd69C7UqqG2nu95QZyXvtvLVpri2-SN4hoLXXCZFfhQ8aQBU1VgdEaH_vSgyBZR_BpPp_vi0tY-rw2ulRZkGqpTQRbZvwa2BPgFC8bgbw31CbjJjAsE6WNYBZeGp7vtQXLMqHWnZx-5kM1TR5ycpkZXQR2wzL94l8Ur1C_3-g168SfQf1MyfRi3LW9fs77emJEw5QV9SREoLTq06tcczq7d6xEUcJX2vAhO1b843XK34e5unZEMBr15ekuKEusluWAF8lXhE2ZTP2r2RcIHJ-163FPKerCgYJLOB9i4GvNwviI5-gAQiFFBk3tBTOU3HFXEk0R8o86WvUD64aINhv5K3oRmpJXkw8uxMG6Hh6JY9X7OwGSqfUy9tDG3sHNoEi0d_d_fv9qndxRU0VClFqo3KVo3U655Hnt1PXB3Qra2Y2QGdEwgTAMCxopsoxOe6SD0gD8movDhT0LAnhqlE8gVCpLWnRoV7OJCkFAwEXitrYL1W7p7pbiE_P7XH6E_rihODm5s52XtiH9Ekaw0VgI9exadWL1uoEYjPtg2672k5szsxbKyWB2fdT0w5Y_0hcT8oXOlRetmLS8-g-6TLXXQgYAAA==)):
+
+```svelte
+<!--- file: Button.svelte --->
+<script>
+	/** @type {import('svelte/elements').HTMLButtonAttributes} */
+	let { children, ...props } = $props();
+</script>
+
+<!-- `props` includes attachments -->
+<button {...props}>
+	{@render children?.()}
+</button>
+```
+
+```svelte
+<!--- file: App.svelte --->
+<script>
+	import tippy from 'tippy.js';
+	import Button from './Button.svelte';
+
+	let content = $state('Hello!');
+
+	/**
+	 * @param {string} content
+	 * @returns {import('svelte/attachments').Attachment}
+	 */
+	function tooltip(content) {
+		return (element) => {
+			const tooltip = tippy(element, { content });
+			return tooltip.destroy;
+		};
+	}
+</script>
+
+<input bind:value={content} />
+
+<Button {@attach tooltip(content)}>
+	Hover me
+</Button>
+```
+
+## Creating attachments programmatically
+
+To add attachments to an object that will be spread onto a component or element, use [`createAttachmentKey`](svelte-attachments#createAttachmentKey).

documentation/docs/03-template-syntax/12-use.md → documentation/docs/03-template-syntax/13-use.md

@@ -2,6 +2,9 @@
 title: use:
 ---
 
+> [!NOTE]
+> In Svelte 5.29 and newer, consider using [attachments](@attach) instead, as they are more flexible and composable.
+
 Actions are functions that are called when an element is mounted. They are added with the `use:` directive, and will typically use an `$effect` so that they can reset any state when the element is unmounted:
 
 ```svelte

documentation/docs/98-reference/21-svelte-attachments.md

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+title: svelte/attachments
+---
+
+> MODULE: svelte/attachments

packages/svelte/elements.d.ts

@@ -31,6 +31,8 @@
 // Definitions: https://github.com/DefinitelyTyped/DefinitelyTyped
 // TypeScript Version: 2.8
 
+import type { Attachment } from 'svelte/attachments';
+
 // Note: We also allow `null` as a valid value because Svelte treats this the same as `undefined`
 
 type Booleanish = boolean | 'true' | 'false';
@@ -860,6 +862,9 @@ export interface HTMLAttributes<T extends EventTarget> extends AriaAttributes, D
 
 	// allow any data- attribute
 	[key: `data-${string}`]: any;
+
+	// allow any attachment
+	[key: symbol]: Attachment<T>;
 }
 
 export type HTMLAttributeAnchorTarget = '_self' | '_blank' | '_parent' | '_top' | (string & {});

packages/svelte/package.json

@@ -34,6 +34,10 @@
       "types": "./types/index.d.ts",
       "default": "./src/animate/index.js"
     },
+    "./attachments": {
+      "types": "./types/index.d.ts",
+      "default": "./src/attachments/index.js"
+    },
     "./compiler": {
       "types": "./types/index.d.ts",
       "require": "./compiler/index.js",

packages/svelte/scripts/generate-types.js

@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@ await createBundle({
 		[pkg.name]: `${dir}/src/index.d.ts`,
 		[`${pkg.name}/action`]: `${dir}/src/action/public.d.ts`,
 		[`${pkg.name}/animate`]: `${dir}/src/animate/public.d.ts`,
+		[`${pkg.name}/attachments`]: `${dir}/src/attachments/public.d.ts`,
 		[`${pkg.name}/compiler`]: `${dir}/src/compiler/public.d.ts`,
 		[`${pkg.name}/easing`]: `${dir}/src/easing/index.js`,
 		[`${pkg.name}/legacy`]: `${dir}/src/legacy/legacy-client.js`,

packages/svelte/src/attachments/index.js

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+import { ATTACHMENT_KEY } from '../constants.js';
+
+/**
+ * Creates an object key that will be recognised as an attachment when the object is spread onto an element,
+ * as a programmatic alternative to using `{@attach ...}`. This can be useful for library authors, though
+ * is generally not needed when building an app.
+ *
+ * ```svelte
+ * <script>
+ * 	import { createAttachmentKey } from 'svelte/attachments';
+ *
+ * 	const props = {
+ * 		class: 'cool',
+ * 		onclick: () => alert('clicked'),
+ * 		[createAttachmentKey()]: (node) => {
+ * 			node.textContent = 'attached!';
+ * 		}
+ * 	};
+ * </script>
+ *
+ * <button {...props}>click me</button>
+ * ```
+ * @since 5.29
+ */
+export function createAttachmentKey() {
+	return Symbol(ATTACHMENT_KEY);
+}

packages/svelte/src/attachments/public.d.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+/**
+ * An [attachment](https://svelte.dev/docs/svelte/@attach) is a function that runs when an element is mounted
+ * to the DOM, and optionally returns a function that is called when the element is later removed.
+ *
+ * It can be attached to an element with an `{@attach ...}` tag, or by spreading an object containing
+ * a property created with [`createAttachmentKey`](https://svelte.dev/docs/svelte/svelte-attachments#createAttachmentKey).
+ */
+export interface Attachment<T extends EventTarget = Element> {
+	(element: T): void | (() => void);
+}
+
+export * from './index.js';

packages/svelte/src/compiler/phases/1-parse/read/script.js

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ const ALLOWED_ATTRIBUTES = ['context', 'generics', 'lang', 'module'];
 /**
  * @param {Parser} parser
  * @param {number} start
- * @param {Array<AST.Attribute | AST.SpreadAttribute | AST.Directive>} attributes
+ * @param {Array<AST.Attribute | AST.SpreadAttribute | AST.Directive | AST.AttachTag>} attributes
  * @returns {AST.Script}
  */
 export function read_script(parser, start, attributes) {

packages/svelte/src/compiler/phases/1-parse/read/style.js

@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ const REGEX_HTML_COMMENT_CLOSE = /-->/;
 /**
  * @param {Parser} parser
  * @param {number} start
- * @param {Array<AST.Attribute | AST.SpreadAttribute | AST.Directive>} attributes
+ * @param {Array<AST.Attribute | AST.SpreadAttribute | AST.Directive | AST.AttachTag>} attributes
  * @returns {AST.CSS.StyleSheet}
  */
 export default function read_style(parser, start, attributes) {

packages/svelte/src/compiler/phases/1-parse/state/element.js

@@ -480,14 +480,35 @@ function read_static_attribute(parser) {
 
 /**
  * @param {Parser} parser
- * @returns {AST.Attribute | AST.SpreadAttribute | AST.Directive | null}
+ * @returns {AST.Attribute | AST.SpreadAttribute | AST.Directive | AST.AttachTag | null}
  */
 function read_attribute(parser) {
 	const start = parser.index;
 
 	if (parser.eat('{')) {
 		parser.allow_whitespace();
 
+		if (parser.eat('@attach')) {
+			parser.require_whitespace();
+
+			const expression = read_expression(parser);
+			parser.allow_whitespace();
+			parser.eat('}', true);
+
+			/** @type {AST.AttachTag} */
+			const attachment = {
+				type: 'AttachTag',
+				start,
+				end: parser.index,
+				expression,
+				metadata: {
+					expression: create_expression_metadata()
+				}
+			};
+
+			return attachment;
+		}
+
 		if (parser.eat('...')) {
 			const expression = read_expression(parser);
 

packages/svelte/src/compiler/phases/2-analyze/index.js

@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ import { extract_svelte_ignore } from '../../utils/extract_svelte_ignore.js';
 import { ignore_map, ignore_stack, pop_ignore, push_ignore } from '../../state.js';
 import { ArrowFunctionExpression } from './visitors/ArrowFunctionExpression.js';
 import { AssignmentExpression } from './visitors/AssignmentExpression.js';
+import { AttachTag } from './visitors/AttachTag.js';
 import { Attribute } from './visitors/Attribute.js';
 import { AwaitBlock } from './visitors/AwaitBlock.js';
 import { BindDirective } from './visitors/BindDirective.js';
@@ -133,6 +134,7 @@ const visitors = {
 	},
 	ArrowFunctionExpression,
 	AssignmentExpression,
+	AttachTag,
 	Attribute,
 	AwaitBlock,
 	BindDirective,

packages/svelte/src/compiler/phases/2-analyze/visitors/AttachTag.js

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+/** @import { AST } from '#compiler' */
+/** @import { Context } from '../types' */
+
+import { mark_subtree_dynamic } from './shared/fragment.js';
+
+/**
+ * @param {AST.AttachTag} node
+ * @param {Context} context
+ */
+export function AttachTag(node, context) {
+	mark_subtree_dynamic(context.path);
+	context.next({ ...context.state, expression: node.metadata.expression });
+}

packages/svelte/src/compiler/phases/2-analyze/visitors/shared/component.js

@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/** @import { Expression } from 'estree' */
 /** @import { AST } from '#compiler' */
 /** @import { AnalysisState, Context } from '../../types' */
 import * as e from '../../../../errors.js';
@@ -74,7 +75,8 @@ export function visit_component(node, context) {
 			attribute.type !== 'SpreadAttribute' &&
 			attribute.type !== 'LetDirective' &&
 			attribute.type !== 'OnDirective' &&
-			attribute.type !== 'BindDirective'
+			attribute.type !== 'BindDirective' &&
+			attribute.type !== 'AttachTag'
 		) {
 			e.component_invalid_directive(attribute);
 		}
@@ -91,15 +93,10 @@ export function visit_component(node, context) {
 				validate_attribute(attribute, node);
 
 				if (is_expression_attribute(attribute)) {
-					const expression = get_attribute_expression(attribute);
-					if (expression.type === 'SequenceExpression') {
-						let i = /** @type {number} */ (expression.start);
-						while (--i > 0) {
-							const char = context.state.analysis.source[i];
-							if (char === '(') break; // parenthesized sequence expressions are ok
-							if (char === '{') e.attribute_invalid_sequence_expression(expression);
-						}
-					}
+					disallow_unparenthesized_sequences(
+						get_attribute_expression(attribute),
+						context.state.analysis.source
+					);
 				}
 			}
 
@@ -113,6 +110,10 @@ export function visit_component(node, context) {
 		if (attribute.type === 'BindDirective' && attribute.name !== 'this') {
 			context.state.analysis.uses_component_bindings = true;
 		}
+
+		if (attribute.type === 'AttachTag') {
+			disallow_unparenthesized_sequences(attribute.expression, context.state.analysis.source);
+		}
 	}
 
 	// If the component has a slot attribute — `<Foo slot="whatever" .../>` —
@@ -158,3 +159,18 @@ export function visit_component(node, context) {
 		context.visit({ ...node.fragment, nodes: nodes[slot_name] }, state);
 	}
 }
+
+/**
+ * @param {Expression} expression
+ * @param {string} source
+ */
+function disallow_unparenthesized_sequences(expression, source) {
+	if (expression.type === 'SequenceExpression') {
+		let i = /** @type {number} */ (expression.start);
+		while (--i > 0) {
+			const char = source[i];
+			if (char === '(') break; // parenthesized sequence expressions are ok
+			if (char === '{') e.attribute_invalid_sequence_expression(expression);
+		}
+	}
+}