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[Bugfix][Parser] GLM-4.7: stray arg tags must not leak into tool-call argument keys - #54971

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pctablet505:glm47-argkey-leak
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pctablet505:glm47-argkey-leak

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@pctablet505 pctablet505 commented Sep 2, 2026 •

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Overview

With --tool-call-parser glm47, a duplicated <arg_key> or </arg_key> tag in the model output ends up inside the argument name. Seen in production as {"path</arg_key>": "/Users/user/Desktop/project"}, which the client rejects with must have required property 'path'. The key pattern is now bounded so it cannot cross an arg_key tag, in both the complete-call and the streaming regex.

Sibling fix for the Poolside parser: #56093.

Claims

  • Stray or repeated arg_key tags no longer reach the key, for complete calls (_ARG_RE) and streaming (_PARTIAL_ARG_RE).
  • Well-formed tool calls parse exactly as before.
  • No model eval: only the parsing of malformed markup changes.

Validation

CPU only (macOS, Python 3.12, torch 2.14.1). Run on 2026-10-14 against eca1f5743 (main at 7115b70c0, includes #61253). The commits after it only merge main.

glm47_moe.py taken from pytest tests/tool_parsers/test_glm47_moe_tool_parser.py
this PR 20 passed
main 5 failed, 15 passed
this PR, with only _PARTIAL_ARG_RE reverted 3 failed, 17 passed

New tests:

  • test_arg_converter_ignores_stray_arg_tags and test_partial_arg_converter_ignores_stray_arg_tags cover a repeated closing tag, a repeated opening tag, and a well-formed control. The first goes through _ARG_RE; the second leaves out </arg_value>, so it goes through _PARTIAL_ARG_RE.
  • TestGlm47Streaming::test_stray_arg_key_tag runs end to end through extract_tool_calls_streaming.

The 5 failures on main are the four malformed converter cases plus the streaming test. The last row shows that the streaming half is tested separately.

Also:

  • Adjacent GLM suites (tests/reasoning/test_glm4_moe_reasoning_parser.py, tests/tool_parsers/test_glm4_moe_tool_parser.py, tests/parser/engine/test_glm47_moe.py): 46 passed.
  • ruff check and ruff format --check pass on the changed files.
  • In their review, Manny7717 compared main with this branch on 22 inputs: whitespace variants, keys containing <, tag-like text inside values, empty keys or values, and partial values. Output was identical except for the corrupt-key cases.

Local-only workaround: vLLM's autouse teardown calls torch.accelerator.empty_host_cache(), which segfaults on CPU-only macOS torch. For these runs it was stubbed out with a local pytest plugin. Nothing in the repo was changed for this.

Details

Root cause. Both regexes matched the key with (?P<key>.*?)</arg_key>\s*<arg_value>. The lazy .*? still runs past the first </arg_key> when the next text is not <arg_value>, so a duplicated closing tag gets absorbed into the key. With a duplicated opening tag, the match simply starts at the first <arg_key>.

Arguments in the model output main This PR
<arg_key>path</arg_key></arg_key><arg_value>/tmp/x</arg_value> {"path</arg_key>": "/tmp/x"} {"path": "/tmp/x"}
<arg_key><arg_key>path</arg_key><arg_value>/tmp/x</arg_value> {"<arg_key>path": "/tmp/x"} {"path": "/tmp/x"}

Fix. Both regexes now share one key pattern:

_ARG_KEY = r"<arg_key>(?P<key>[^<]*+(?:<(?!/?arg_key>)[^<]*+)*+)(?:</arg_key>\s*)+"
  • The key may contain <, but not an arg_key tag, so it stops at the first </arg_key>. Then (?:</arg_key>\s*)+ consumes any duplicated closing tags.
  • Possessive quantifiers avoid backtracking on long unterminated buffers during streaming. [Bugfix][Security] Fix catastrophic backtracking in the poolside_v1 and dots tool-call regexes #54678 takes the same approach.
  • One other malformed shape changes on purpose. Two keys followed by one value (<arg_key>a</arg_key><arg_key>b</arg_key><arg_value>1</arg_value>) used to produce a single corrupt key, a</arg_key><arg_key>b. It now produces {"b": "1"}.

Overlapping PRs.

AI assistance: used for this change. I reviewed every changed line and ran the tests above.


Pull Request Checklist
  • I used vLLM's /pr-checklist skill. (Mandatory for agents, optional for humans).

  • AI assistance was used during the creation of this PR.

  • Design Fit: Minimizes impact on core components, reuses existing functionality, and justifies added complexity.

  • Testing and Validation: Validates the change and ensures any added tests are meaningful and reliable, with CI coverage or documented CI resource constraints and validation performed outside CI.

  • Code Quality and Style: Keeps code and comments clear and concise, and updates relevant documentation and examples.

  • Pull Request Contents: Includes a brief summary and relevant links, supports claims with evidence, explains root causes and implementation trade-offs, and follows the contributing guide.

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Claude Code Review

This pull request is from a fork — automated review is disabled. A repository maintainer can comment @claude review to run a one-time review.

@mergify mergify Bot added glm tool-calling bug Something isn't working labels Sep 2, 2026
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Verified locally on head 7fec1f39 vs base 41848ca — fix is correct and regression-proven.

Bug confirmed on base: both stray-tag shapes reproduce the reported leak exactly. _ARG_KEY replaced .*? (which backtracks across its own </arg_key> delimiter to reach a following <arg_value>) with a possessive non-<-crossing key group:

  • <arg_key>path</arg_key></arg_key><arg_value>/tmp/x</arg_value> → base produced key path</arg_key> (the exact production failure in the PR body); head → {"path": "/tmp/x"}.
  • <arg_key><arg_key>path</arg_key><arg_value>... → base produced key <arg_key>path; head correct.

Regression-proven: all 5 new tests FAIL on base (4 param converter tests + the streaming e2e test), PASS on head. Full file: 20/20 pass on head vs 5 failed/15 passed on base (teardown RuntimeError: Cannot access accelerator device errors are the known CUDA-less noise, identical on both).

No regressions on adjacent shapes — probed base-vs-head over 22 inputs: well-formed single/multi-arg, \s* whitespace variants, keys containing < (e.g. a<b), arg_key-like markup inside values, empty keys/values, newlines, trailing partial values, junk prefix. Byte-identical output everywhere except the corrupt-key cases. One deliberate delta on the malformed two-keys-one-value input: base merged a</arg_key><arg_key>b into one corrupt key; head drops the value-less a and keeps {"b": "1"} — cleaner fail behavior, not a regression.

Non-blocking note: vllm/tool_parsers/poolside_v1_tool_parser.py:82 uses the same <arg_key>(.*?)</arg_key>\s*<arg_value>(.*?)</arg_value> shape with stdlib re — same leak exists there (findall on <arg_key>path</arg_key></arg_key><arg_value>/tmp/x</arg_value> returns [('path</arg_key>', '/tmp/x')]). If poolside models can emit stray arg tags too, the same [^<]*+(?:<(?!/?arg_key>)[^<]*+)*+ key pattern would apply. Out of scope for this PR, just flagging the sibling.

Nice work — clear root-cause writeup, the _ARG_KEY comment explains the backtracking subtlety precisely, and the streaming e2e test is exactly the right level to prove the engine path.

@pctablet505

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Thanks for the catch, @Manny7717 — poolside_v1_tool_parser.py:82 did have the identical (.*?)</arg_key> backtracking leak. Opened a separate follow-up with the same bounded-key fix and a mirrored test: #56093.

@mergify

mergify Bot commented Sep 16, 2026

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This pull request has merge conflicts that must be resolved before it can be
merged. Please rebase the PR, @pctablet505.

https://docs.github.com/en/pull-requests/collaborating-with-pull-requests/working-with-forks/syncing-a-fork

… argument keys

`_glm47_arg_converter` matched the argument key with an unbounded `.*?`
before `</arg_key>`. Because the group is non-greedy but unbounded, the
regex engine backtracks *past* the first `</arg_key>` whenever that is
what it takes to reach the following `<arg_value>` -- so a repeated or
stray tag in the model stream is absorbed into the key rather than
ignored.

Observed in production against a GLM server run with
`--tool-call-parser glm47`: an argument object came back as
`{"path</arg_key>": "/Users/user/Desktop/project"}`. The client rejected
the call ("must have required property 'path'"), and the model then
retried with an invented path.

Match runs of non-`<` text instead, so the key group cannot cross its own
delimiter, and accept a run of closing tags so the intended key survives.
Well-formed input is unaffected. The unrolled possessive form also avoids
the backtracking a tempered dot would add on the streaming path, which
re-runs the converter over the whole accumulated buffer on every chunk:
on an unterminated 20 KB buffer it is 1251 us -> 10 us.

Covers both `_ARG_RE` and `_PARTIAL_ARG_RE`, with a streaming test that
fails if only one of the two is fixed.

Signed-off-by: pctablet505 <55033230+pctablet505@users.noreply.github.com>
@pctablet505
pctablet505 force-pushed the glm47-argkey-leak branch 2 times, most recently from d1abda4 to b242272 Compare September 28, 2026 09:24
pctablet505 added a commit to pctablet505/vllm that referenced this pull request Sep 28, 2026
…-call argument keys

PoolsideV1ToolParser.func_arg_regex captures the argument key with a plain
`.*?`:

    r"<arg_key>(.*?)</arg_key>\s*<arg_value>(.*?)</arg_value>"

A non-greedy `.*?` only guarantees the *shortest match starting from the
left*, not that it stops at the first literal occurrence of `</arg_key>`
once the rest of the pattern is considered: if matching `\s*<arg_value>`
fails right after the first `</arg_key>`, the engine backtracks and lets
`.*?` cross that boundary to reach a later one, absorbing a stray
`<arg_key>`/`</arg_key>` tag into the key. Same defect class, same fix
shape, as the GLM-4.7 leak fixed in vllm-project#54971: bound the key to runs of
non-`<` text so the capture cannot cross its own delimiter.

    r"<arg_key>([^<]*+(?:<(?!/?arg_key>)[^<]*+)*+)(?:</arg_key>\s*)+"
    r"<arg_value>(.*?)</arg_value>"

Not a duplicate of vllm-project#54678, which fixes catastrophic backtracking (a timing
defect) in this file's `func_detail_regex` and adds a regex-timeout guard
around all three patterns in `extract_tool_calls`, including this one's
`.findall` call site -- but it leaves `func_arg_regex`'s pattern itself
unchanged, so the key-leak this PR fixes is still present after vllm-project#54678.

Signed-off-by: pctablet505 <55033230+pctablet505@users.noreply.github.com>
pctablet505 and others added 2 commits October 10, 2026 18:20
Co-Authored-By: Claude Sonnet 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Signed-off-by: pctablet505 <55033230+pctablet505@users.noreply.github.com>
Keep the one comment a reader needs; the bug narrative lives in the PR description.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Sonnet 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Signed-off-by: pctablet505 <55033230+pctablet505@users.noreply.github.com>
@pctablet505

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Brought this branch up to date with main (a merge commit, no force-push) and re-verified it on 2bea22002:

  • tests/tool_parsers/test_glm47_moe_tool_parser.py: 20 passed. The same tests against unmodified main: 5 failed, 15 passed.
  • Reverting only _PARTIAL_ARG_RE: 3 failed, 17 passed, so the streaming half is covered too.
  • tests/reasoning/test_glm4_moe_reasoning_parser.py + tests/tool_parsers/test_glm4_moe_tool_parser.py: 26 passed.
  • pre-commit run on the touched files: all hooks pass.

I also trimmed the bug-narrative comments and test docstrings down to what a reader needs (the explanation stays in the description), and refreshed the related-PR list (#60842 and #58418 are new neighbours; neither changes the key pattern).

@sfeng33, you last touched vllm/parser/glm47_moe.py, so could you take another look when you have a moment?

@pctablet505

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Synced this branch with latest main (including #61253, which already verified differential compatibility with the _ARG_RE / _PARTIAL_ARG_RE patterns here) and updated the PR description to the current template.

Signed-off-by: pctablet505 <55033230+pctablet505@users.noreply.github.com>

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